Term
| acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) |
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Definition
| the compound that reacts with oxaloacetic acid in the first step of the Krebs cycle |
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Definition
| the process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds, with oxygen as the final electron acceptor |
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| the process by which pyruvic acid is converted to ethyl alcohol; the anaerobic action of yeast on sugars |
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Definition
| fermentation pathways that operate in the absence of oxygen |
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Definition
| the process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds |
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Definition
| a six-carbon compound formed in the Krebs cycle |
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Definition
| molecules in the thylakoid membrane of inner mitochondrial membrane that uses some of the energy in electrons to pump protons across the membrane |
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Definition
| a mutually beneficial relationship between one organism and another that lives within it |
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| hypothesis of endosymbiosis relating to the evolution of eukaryotes |
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Definition
| holds that chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from endosymbiotic bacteria |
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Definition
| flavin adenine dinucleotide; a compound that accepts electrons during redox reactions |
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Definition
| a process in which cells make a limited amount of ATP by converting glucose into another organic compound, such as lactic acid or ethyl alcohol, in the absence of oxygen |
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Definition
| a pathway in which glucose is oxidized to pyruvic acid |
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Definition
| a unit of energy equal to 1,000 calories; the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1 degree C |
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Definition
| a series of biochemical reactions that release carbon dioxide and result in the formation of ATP |
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Definition
| the process by which pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid |
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Definition
| the space inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion |
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Definition
| nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; an organic molecule that accepts electrons during redox reactions |
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Definition
| a four-carbon compound that combaines with acetyl CoA in the Krebs cycle to produce citric acid |
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Definition
| a three-carbon molecule that is the end product of glycolysis |
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