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Chapter 7
A set of all the words and key term of the Life Science Prentice Hall textbook
29
Biology
7th Grade
02/09/2009

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Term
species
Definition
a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring
Term
fossil
Definition
the preserved remains or traces of an organisms that lived in the past
Term
adaptation
Definition
a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment
Term
evolution 1
Definition
the gradual change in a species over time
Term
evolution 2
Definition
Term
scientific theory
Definition
a well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations
Term
natural selection
Definition
individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than other members of the same species
Term
variation
Definition
a difference between individuals of the same species
Term
comparitive anatomy
Definition
the comparision of the structures of different organisms
Term
homologous structure
Definition
structures that are similar to a common ancestor
Term
mold
Definition
a hollow area in sediment in the shape of an organism or part of an organism
Term
cast
Definition
a solid copy of the shape of an organism
Term
petrified fossils
Definition
fossils in wihich minerals replace all or part of an organism
Term
trace fossils
Definition
evidence of the activities of sncient organisms
Term
paleontologists
Definition
scientist that studies fossils
Term
gradualism
Definition
hypothesis that evolution occurs slowly but steadily
Term
punctuated equilibria
Definition
hypothesis that accounts for the gaps in fossil records
Term
habitat
Definition
an organisms specific enviroment that provides the oraganism waith all vital things for life
Term
extinct
Definition
a species with no living members
Term
classification
Definition
process of grouping things by similar and different traits
Term
taxanomy
Definition
the scientific study of how living things are classified
Term
binomial nomenclature
Definition
naming system for giving every species a 2 part name
Term
genus
Definition
classfication grouping that contains similar, closely related organisms
Term
prokaryotes
Definition
organisms with cells that lack a nuclues and other organelles
Term
eurkaryotes
Definition
organims with cells that have all neccesary organelles
Term
branching tree diagram
Definition
diagram that shows probable evolutionary relationships between organisms
Term
shared derived characteristics
Definition
a trait that is shared by all the organism in the group
Term
preserved remains
Definition
trapped organism, traps: tar, amber, etc.
Term
genus 2
Definition
one of the 8 main levels of classification, the first word of each species scientific name
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