Term
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Definition
| The poor that works and is still underneath the poverty line |
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Term
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Definition
| a standard of living below the minimum needed for the maintenance of an adequate diet, health care and shelter |
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Term
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Definition
| Access to resources such as food, clothing,shelter, education, and health care |
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Term
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Definition
| Have better life chances and better access to 1)Quality Education 2)safe neighborhood 3)safe neighborhood 4)nutrition and healthcare |
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Term
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Definition
| hierarchy of social groups based on differential control over resources |
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Term
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Definition
| (class) boundaries between hierarchies many be influenced by people's achieved statuses. People are able to move up and down in the hierarchy (social mobility) |
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Term
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Definition
| (caste) boundaries are more rigid and there is no social mobility. Hierarchy is set by ascribed statuese |
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Term
| 5 major examples of slavery |
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Definition
| Ancient Greece, Roman Empire, U.S., Caribbean and Brazil |
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Term
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Definition
| in Haiti, children born without parents or in poor families are slaves or house cooks |
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Term
| Characteristics of Slavery in the U.S. |
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Definition
1-For life and inherited
2- slaves are considered property
3-denied rights
4-coercion was used to keep slaves "in their place" |
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Term
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Definition
status determined at birth
-all born, married within caste
-cultural values (religion) sustain caste systems
-industrialization weakens them |
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Term
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Definition
| type of stratification based on the ownership and control of resources and type of work |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when people experience loss or gain in position and/or income that does NOT produce a change in their place in class structure |
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Term
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Definition
| movement up or down in class structure |
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Term
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Definition
| social movement of individuals within ones lifetime |
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Term
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Definition
| social movement experienced by family members from one generation to the next |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a feeling of powerlessness and estrangement from other people and from oneself |
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Term
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Definition
social institutions that produce and disseminate ideas about the class exploitation
3 things: economic basis, relationship between values and opposing interests |
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Term
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Definition
| facilities that have inadequate heating, electricity, conditions |
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Term
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Definition
type of ceremonial activity
functions as means where appreciation is conveyed |
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Term
| Marxian Criteria of Class Structure |
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Definition
-ownership of means of production
-employing others
-supervising others on the job
-being employed by someone else |
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Term
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Definition
Capitalists= bourgious
Workers= Proliteriat |
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Term
| Max Weber (wealth)criteria |
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Definition
| value of a person's family's economic assets, including income, personal property |
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Term
| Max Weber (prestige)criteria |
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Definition
| the regard with which a person or status position is regarded by others |
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Term
| Max Weber (Power)criteria |
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Definition
| ability of ppl to achieve their goals despite opposition from others |
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Term
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Definition
| Socioeconomic status- a combined measure that in order to determine class location, attempts to classfiy individuals, familites or households in terms of income, occupation or class |
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Term
| Weberian Class Structure (6) |
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Definition
upper class-ppl who own substantial income
upper middle class-university degrees
middle class-high school diploma
working class-semiskilled workers (pink collar)
working poor-just above poverty line
underclass- ppl who are poor |
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Term
| American Dream Factors (4) |
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Definition
-Escalating housing prices
-occupational insecurity
-blocked mobility of the job
-cost of living squeeze |
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Term
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Definition
| low paying semiskilled positions primarily held by women such as day care workers |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-capitalist
-managerial class
-small business class
-working class |
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Term
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Definition
| exists when people do not have means to secure the basic necessities of life |
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Term
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Definition
| exists when people can afford basic necessities but are still unable to maintain an average standard of living |
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Term
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Definition
federal income standard that is based on what is considered to be the minimum amount of money required for living at a substinence level
-calculated by low cost food budget multiplied by 3 |
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Term
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Definition
| a reduction in proficiency needed to perform a specific job that leads to a corresponding reduction in the wages of that job |
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Term
| Davis-Moore Thesis (functionalist) |
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Definition
1-societies have tasks that must be filled
2-some positions are more important to the survival of society than others
3-most important positions filled with more qualified people
4-require scarce talent or extensive training or both must be most highly rewarded
5-most highly rewarded positions are most unique |
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Term
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Definition
| hierarchy in which all positions are rewarded based on people's ability and credentials |
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Term
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Definition
| unequal distribution of wealth power and prestige on a global basis |
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