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chapter 7
johnson
20
Biology
9th Grade
01/29/2008

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Term
autotroph
Definition
organism that makes its own food
Term
photosynthesis
Definition
process by which plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars
Term
producer
Definition
organism that makes it's own food (autotroph) and produces organic molecules that serve as food for other orgamisms in it's ecosystem
Term
heterotroph
Definition
organism that obtains food by eating producers (autotroph) or other consumers
Term
cellular repiration
Definition
chemical process that uses oxygen to convert chemical energy stored in organic molecules into ATP
Term
kinetic energy
Definition
energy of motion
Term

 potential energy

 

Definition
energy stored due to an objects postition or arrangment
Term
thermal energy
Definition
total amount of energy assosiated with the random movement of atoms and molecules in a sample of matter
Term
chemical energy
Definition
potential to perform work due to the arrangment of atoms within molecules
Term
calorie
Definition
amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1g of water 1 degree Celsius
Term

ATP

adenosine triphosphate

Definition
main energy source that cells use for most of their work
Term
aerobic
Definition
requiring oxygen
Term
electron transport chain (ETC)
Definition
sequence of electron carrier molecules that transfer electrons and release energy during cellular respiration.
Term
metabolism
Definition
all of a cell's chemical processes
Term
glycolysis
Definition
the splitting in half of a glucose molecule, the first stage of cellular respiration and fermentation
Term
Krebs cycle
Definition
stage of cellular respiration that finishes the break-down of pyruvic acid molecules to carbon dioxide, releasing energy.
Term
ATP synthase
Definition
protein structure in cell mitochondria that uses energy from H ions to convert.
Term
fermentation
Definition
cellular process of making ATP without oxygen
Term
anaerobic
Definition
without oxygen
Term
consumer
Definition
organism that obtains food by eating producers (autotrophs) or other consumers
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