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Chapter 7
Science Chapter 7
34
Science
7th Grade
06/14/2010

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Term
virus
Definition
tiny, non-living particle that invades and multiplies in a living cell
Term
host
Definition
living thing that provides a source of energy for an organism
Term
parasite
Definition
organism that lives in a host and causes it harm
Term
decomposer
Definition
organism that breaks down large chemicals
Term
symbiosis
Definition
a close relationship in which at least one species benefits
Term
protist
Definition
eukaryotes that cannot be classified as animals, plants, or fungi
Term
amoeba
Definition
sarcodines that live in water or soil
Term
paramecium
Definition
ciliates that live in fresh water
Term
diatom
Definition
unicellular protists with a glassy cell wall
Term
fungus
Definition
eukaryotes that have cell walls, are heterotrophs, absorb thir food, and use spores for reproduction
Term
spore
Definition
tiny reproductive cell that can grow into a new organism
Term
mushroom
Definition
fungus
Term
yeast
Definition
fungus; used to make bread rise
Term
mold
Definition
fungus; grows on spoiled foods
Term
lichen
Definition
fungus and algae that live together in a mutual relationship
Term
bacteriophage
Definition
a virus that infects bacteria. In fact, its name means “bacteria eater.”
Term
vaccine
Definition
a substance introduced into the body to stimulate the production of chemicals that destroy specific disease-causing viruses and organisms.
Term
bacteria
Definition
Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus; prokaryotes.
Term
flagellum
Definition
a long, whiplike structure that helps a cell to move.
Term
binary fission
Definition
A form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides to form two identical cells.
Term
asexual reproduction
Definition
a reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent
Term
sexual reproduction
Definition
A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents.
Term
conjugation
Definition
one bacterium transfers some genetic material to another bacterium through a threadlike bridge
Term
endospore
Definition
a small, rounded, thick-walled, resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell
Term
pasteurization
Definition
A process of heating food to a temperature that is high enough to kill most harmful bacteria without changing the taste of the food.
Term
protozoan
Definition
An animal-like protist.
Term
pseudopod
Definition
A “false foot” or temporary bulge of cytoplasm used for feeding and movement in some protozoans.
Term
contractile vacuole
Definition
a structure that collects the extra water and then expels it from the cell
Term
cilia
Definition
hairlike projections from cells that move with a wavelike motion
Term
mutualism
Definition
A type of symbiosis in which both partners benefit from living together.
Term
algae
Definition
Plantlike protists.
Term
hyphae
Definition
branching, threadlike tubes that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi
Term
fruiting body
Definition
The reproductive structure of a fungus that contains many hyphae and produces spores.
Term
budding
Definition
A form of asexual reproduction of yeast in which a new cell grows out of the body of a parent.
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