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Definition
| learning to respond to the repeated presentation of a stimulus |
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Definition
| a learned preference fo stimuli to which we hace been previously exposed |
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Definition
| forms of learning, such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning, that can be described in terms of stimuli and responses |
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Definition
| a form of behavioral learning in which a previously neutral stimulus acquires the power to elicit the same innate reflex produced by another stimulus |
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Definition
| any stimulus that produces no conditioned response prior to learning. When it is brought into conditioning experiment the researcher will call it a conditioned stimulus (CS) |
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Term
| Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) |
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Definition
| in classical conditioning, it is the stimulus that elicits an unconditioned response |
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Term
| Unconditioned response (UCR) |
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Definition
| in classical conditioning it is the response that elicits an unconditioned response |
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Definition
| a response elicited by a previously neutral stimulus that has become associated with the unconditioned stimulus |
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Definition
| the weakening of a conditioned response in the absence of an unconditioned stimulus |
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Definition
| the reappearance of an extinguished conditional response after a time delay |
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Definition
| learning to respond to a particular stimulus but not to others that are similar |
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Definition
| the extension of a learned response to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus |
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Definition
| a pattern of erratic behavior resulting from a demanding discrimination learning task, typically one that involves aversive stimuli |
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Definition
| a form of behavioral learning in which the probability of a response is changed by its consequences |
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Definition
| the idea that responses that produced desirable results would be learned or "stamped" into organisms |
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Definition
| a condition (involving either the presentation or removal of a stimulus) that occurs after a response and strengthens that response |
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Definition
| a stimulus presented after a response and increasing the probability of that response happening again |
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Definition
| the removal of an unpleasant or aversive stimulus, contingent on a particular behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| a boxlike apparatus that can be programmed to deliver reinforcers and punishers contingent on an animal's behavior |
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Term
| reinforcement contingencies |
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Definition
| relationships between a response and the changes in stimulation that follow the response |
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Term
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Definition
| a type of reinforcement schedule by which all correct responses are reinforced |
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Definition
| an operant learning technique which a new behavior is produced by reinforcing responses that are similar to the desired response |
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Term
| intermittent reinforcement |
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Definition
| a type of reinforcement schedule by which some but not all correct responses are reinforced also called partial reinforcement |
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Term
| schedule of reinforcement |
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Definition
| a program specifying the frequency and timing of reinforcements |
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Term
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Definition
| a program by which reinforcement depends on the time interval elapsed since the last reinforcement |
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Term
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Definition
| a program by which reinforcement is contingent on a certain, unvarying number of responses |
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Term
| fixed ratio (FR) schedule |
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Definition
| a program by which reinforcement is contingent on a certain, unvarying number of responses |
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Term
| variable ratio (VR) schedule |
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Definition
| a reinforcement program by which the number of responses required for a reinforcement varies from trial to trial |
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Term
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Definition
| a reinforcer such as food or sex that has an innate basis because of its biological value to an organism |
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Term
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Definition
| a stimulus such as money or token, that acquires its reinforcing power by a learned association primary reinforces |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency of an organism's innate (instinctive) responses to interfere with learned behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| a therapeutic method based on operant conditioning by which individuals are rewarded with tokens which act as secondary reinforcers |
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Term
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Definition
| the concept developed by David Premack, that a more-preferred activity can be used to reinforce a less-preferred activity |
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Definition
| an aversive consequence which occurring after a response diminishes the strength of that response |
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Term
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Definition
| the application of an aversive stimulus after a response |
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Term
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Definition
| the removal of an attractive stimulus after a response |
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