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Definition
| Making an association between two events by repeated exposure. |
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| Ran tests on animals that would be outlawed today. Studied how/when/why dogs salivate. |
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| Ivan Pavlov's method of conditioning in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned, neutral stimulus. |
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| Anything that elicits a response. |
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| A reaction to a stimulus. |
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| A stimulus that automatically elicits a response, such as meat causing salivation. |
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| An automatic response to a particular natural stimulus, such as salivation to meat. |
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| A previously neutral stimulus that has been associated with a natural (or unconditioned) stimulus. |
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| A response to a stimulus that is brought about by learning - for examples, salivating at the word pickle. |
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| "Taught" a student to be afraid of white rats, and other white animals by extension. |
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| A response spread from one specific stimulus to other stimuli that resemble the original. |
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| The gradual loss of an association over time. |
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| Conditioning that results from one's actions and the consequences they cause. |
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| The creator of the chicken-tic-tac-toe box. |
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| Something that follows a response and strengthens the tendency to repeat that response. |
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| Something necessary for psychological/physical survival that is used as a reward. |
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| Anything that comes to represent a primary reinforcer, such as money bringing food. |
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| Strengthening the tendency to repeat a response by following it with the addition of something pleasant. |
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| Strengthening a response by following it with taking away or avoiding something unpleasant. |
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| Reinforcement through money. |
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| The process of weakening a response by following it with unpleasant consequences. |
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| A behavior that spreads from one situation to a similar one. |
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| Learning to tell the difference between one event or object and another; the reverse of generalization. |
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| The process of gradually refining a response by successively reinforcing closer approximations of it. |
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Definition
| Reinforcing the connection between different parts of a sequence. |
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Definition
| Each time a behavior occurs, reinforcement is given. |
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Term
| schedules of reinforcement |
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Definition
| Different methods of reinforcing. |
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Term
| partial reinforcement schedule |
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Definition
| Reinforcement is not given each time an act is performed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reinforcement occurs after a desired behavior occurs, but a different number of the desired acts is required each time. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reinforcement occurs after the desired act is performed a specific number of times. |
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| variable interval schedule |
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Definition
| Reinforcement occurs after warying amounts of time if a desired act occurs. |
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Definition
| A reinforcement is received after a fixed amount of time has passed if the desired act occurs. |
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| All learning that occurs in a social situation. |
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| A form of social learning in which the organism observes and imitates the behavior of others. |
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| cognitive approach (to learning) |
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| A way of learning based on abstract mental processes and previous knowledge. |
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Definition
| A mental image of where one is located in space. |
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| Methods for solving problems. |
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