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Chapter 7
Chapter 7
12
Physiology
Undergraduate 3
05/01/2010
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Term
Three types of hormones
 Definition

peptide/protein hormones

 

steroid hormones

 

amino-acid derived hormones
Term
preprohormone
 Definition

Inactive molecule composed of one or more copies of a peptide hormone, a signal sequence, and other peptide sequences that may or may not have biological activity
Term
prohormone
 Definition
Inactive protein containing one or  more copies of a hormone
Term
fragments
 Definition
innactive parts of the prohormone that are cleaved off to activate the hormone
Term
peptide hormone
 Definition

pretty short, it is water soluble, it has to be continuously made in order to sustain the effect

 

response to peptide hormones is usually really fast

 

work through the cAMP messenger system
Term
Steroid Hormone`
 Definition

derrived from cholesterol

 

made only in some organs, cells that create them have unusual amounts of smooth ER

 

lipophillic move in and out of the cell with ease

 

Cannot be stored so they are created as need

 

to move accross blood they must be carried by proteins

 

long half lifes 60-90 mins

 

steroid hormones go to the nucleus

 

take a long time to see and effect up to 90 mins

 

 
Term
amino-acid derived hormones
 Definition
small molecules created from either tryptophan or tyrosine
Term
catecholamine
 Definition
Signal molecule formed from tyrosine; includes epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine
Term
thyroid hormones
 Definition

Iodine-containing amine hormones
Term
tropic hormone
 Definition

tropic hormones are hormones produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary that target endocrine glands

 

Any hormone that controls the secretion of another hormone
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