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Definition
| Study of inheritance and inheritable traints as expressed in an organism's genetic material |
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Definition
The entire genetic complement of an organism
Includes its genes and nucleotide sequences |
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Definition
Small molecules of DNA that replicate independently
NOT ESSENTIAL for normal metabolism, growth, or reproduction |
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Definition
| Dea with conjugation pili |
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Definition
| Carries genes for resistance against anti-microbials |
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Definition
| Carries genes for bacteriocins, which kill bacteria cells of similar species withouth the plasmid (competitors) |
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Definition
| Carry info to make bacteria virulent |
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Definition
| DNA wrapped around histones |
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Definition
| Nucleosomes clumped with proteins |
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Definition
| Active, looseley packed chromatin fibers |
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Definition
| Tightly packed inactive chromatin fibers |
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Definition
| Synthesized discontinously |
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Definition
| Removes superoils in DNA molecule |
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Definition
| Set of genes in the genome |
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Definition
| Physical features and functional traits of the organism |
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| Central Dogma of Genetics |
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Definition
| DNA is transcriped to RNA, RNA is translated to form polypeptides |
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Definition
| For DNA polymerase to use during DNA replication |
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Definition
| Carries genetic information from chromosomes to ribosomes |
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Definition
| combines with ribosomal polypeptides to form ribosomes |
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Definition
| delivers correct sequence of amino acids to ribosomes based on nucleotide sequence in mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| In eukaryotes, a modified guanine nucleotide is added to the 5' end of mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| (Eukaryotes) 100-250 adenine nucleotides are added to the 3' end |
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Definition
| Removal of introns to make functional mRNA containing only coding regions called exons |
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Definition
| accomodates a tRNA delivering an amino acid |
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Definition
| holds a tRNA and the growing polypeptide |
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Definition
| discharged tRNAs exit from this site |
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Term
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Definition
Change in nucleotide base sequene of a genome
-Rare
-Usually permanent
-Rarely imrpoves |
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Definition
-Most common
-One base pair is affected
-insertions, deletions, substituions |
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Definition
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Definition
| Mutagen, Ionizing and Non Ionizing |
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Definition
| Chemical mutagen which disrupts DNA and RNA replication |
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| Nucleotide altering chemicals |
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Definition
| Results in base pair substituions and missense mutations |
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Definition
| Result in nonsense mutations |
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Definition
| Descendants of a cell that does not repair a mutation |
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| Cells that are normally found in nature |
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Definition
| Enzyme which foilds and coils prokaryotic DNA |
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