Term
| nutrient that must be provided |
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Definition
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|
Term
| nutrient that must be supplied in large amounts |
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Definition
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|
Term
| nutrient only needed in small amount |
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Definition
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|
Term
| nutrient that lacks carbon and hydrogen |
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Definition
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|
Term
| nutrient that contains carbon and hydrogen |
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Definition
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|
Term
| __% of all elements present in a cell are CHONPS |
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Definition
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|
Term
| __% of all chemical components are organic |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What are the first and second most prevalent chemical components in a cell? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| do not rely on other living organisms |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| primary energy source is sunlight |
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Definition
| photo- autotroph or heterotroph |
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|
Term
| primary energy source is a chemical compound |
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Definition
| chemo- autotroph or heterotroph |
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|
Term
| use inorganic substances for energy |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| use organic substances for energy |
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Definition
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|
Term
| example of photoautotroph |
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Definition
| algae, plants, cyanobacteria |
|
|
Term
| example of chemoautotroph |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| example of photoheterotroph |
|
Definition
| purple and green bacteria |
|
|
Term
| example of chemoheterotroph |
|
Definition
| protozoa, fungi, animals, many bacteria |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| any organic molecule (protein, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids) |
|
|
Term
| inorganic source of carbon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| organic source of hydrogen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inorganic source of hydrogen |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| carbs, lipids, nucleic acid, proteins |
|
|
Term
| inorganic source of oxygen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| organic source of nitrogen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inorganic source of nitrogen |
|
Definition
| N2, NO3-, NO2-, NH3, must be converted to NH3 to be utilized |
|
|
Term
| organic source of phosphorous |
|
Definition
| nucelic acids, ATP, phospholipids, some proteins, NAD+ |
|
|
Term
| inorganic source of phosphorous |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| proteins (methionine and cytesine) |
|
|
Term
| inorganic source of sulfur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cell walls and endospores |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chlorophyll, membranes, ribosomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur |
|
|
Term
| Other essential nutrients outside CHONPS |
|
Definition
| potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper |
|
|
Term
| what is diffusion the result of? |
|
Definition
| random motion of particles and their collisions with one another in space |
|
|
Term
| no barrier to disturb the random movement of molecules |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| molecules move across a membrane, down a concentration gradient, with the help of a carrier protein |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| molecules move across a membrane, up or down a concentration gradient, with the help of a carrier protein and energy expenditure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 types of active diffusion |
|
Definition
| carrier mediated, group translocation, endocytosis |
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|
Term
| ideal solute state of a cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| solute concentration is lower on the outside of the cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| solute concentration is lower on the inside of the cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is optimum temperature decided by? |
|
Definition
| the range that promotes fastest growth and metabolism |
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|
Term
| uses oxygen during metabolism and can process toxic oxygen and byproducts |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| cannot grow without oxygen |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| does not require oxygen to grow, but favors it |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| cannot grow in normal atmospheric concentrations of O2, but does need small amounts for metabolism |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| lacks ability to utilize O2 during metabolism |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| lacks ability to process toxic oxygen byproducts |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| does not utilize O2 but can grow in the presence of O2 because it can process toxic O2 byproducts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most microbes live between the pH of __ and __ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| all microbes require some ___ for metabolism |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| relationship is necessary and mutually beneficial |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| one oragnism benefits while the other is neither benefited nor harmed |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| both organisms benefit, but it is not necessary for either organism's survival |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| organisms live together in a close relationship |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| one organism recieves nutrients from and at the expense of the other |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| organisms living together compete for nutrients |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| time it takes to go from a single cell to two daughter cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| eqution for microbial growth population |
|
Definition
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