Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the absence of significant contamination |
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Term
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Definition
| removing of all microbial life |
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Term
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Definition
| killing C. botulinum endospores |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| removing pathogens from living tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| removing microbes from a limited area |
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Term
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Definition
| lowering microbial counts on eating utensils |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inhibiting, not killing, microbes |
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Term
| effectiveness of treatment |
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Definition
depends on:
number of microbes, environment (organic matter, temperature, biofilms), time of exposure, microbial charateristics |
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Term
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Definition
| alter membrane permeability, damage proteins, damage nucleic acids |
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Term
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Definition
| lowest temperature at which all cells in a culture are killed in 10 min |
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Term
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Definition
| time during which all cells in a culture are killed |
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Term
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Definition
| moist heat denatures proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| steam under pressure. steam must contact the items surface for it to be correctly sterilized |
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Term
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Definition
| reduces spoilage organisms and pathogens. equivalent treatments: 63 C for 30 min, 72 C for 15 sec, 140 C for <1 sec (thermoduric organisms survive). |
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Term
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Definition
| kills by oxidation. dry heat, flaming, incineration, hot air sterilization. equivalent treatments: 170 C, 2 hrs (hot air), 121 C, 15 min (autoclave) |
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Term
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Definition
| HEPA removes microbes >0.3 um. membrane filtration removes microbes >0.22 um |
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Term
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Definition
| inhibits microbial growth. refrigeration, deep freezing, lyophilization. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| x rays, gamma rays, electron beams. inonizes water to release OH-. damages DNA |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| kill by heat, not especially antimicrobial |
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Term
| principles of effective disinfection |
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Definition
| concentration of disinfectant, organic matter, pH, time |
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Term
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Definition
| metal rings dipped in test bacteria are dried. dried cultures are placed in disinfectant for 10 min at 20 C. rings are transferred to culture media to determine whether bacteria survived the treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| disks of disinfectant are placed on agar plates with bacterial cultures to see the effect it will have in relation to the bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| disrupt plasma membranes (hexacholorphene, triclosan) |
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Term
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Definition
| disrupt plasma membranes (chlorhexidine) |
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Term
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Definition
| iodine in aqueous alcohol. alter protein synthesis and membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| iodine in organic molecules. alter protein synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| hypochlorous acid (HOCL). oxidizing agent |
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Term
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Definition
| chlorine+ammonia. oxidizing agent |
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Term
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Definition
| denature proteins, dissolve lipids. require water |
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Term
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Definition
| used to prevent gonorrheal ophthalmia neonatorum |
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Term
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Definition
| used as a topical cream on burns |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| quarternary ammonium compounds (cationic detergents) |
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Definition
| bactericidal, denature proteins, disrupt plasma membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| inhibit metabolism. sorbic acid,benzoic acid, and calcium propionate. controls molds and bacteria in foods and cosmetics |
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Term
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Definition
| prevents endospore germination |
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Term
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Definition
| nisin and natamycin prevent spoilage of cheese |
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Term
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Definition
| inactivate proteins by cross-linking functional groups. used in medical equipment. formaldehyde |
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Term
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Definition
| denature proteins. used in heat sensitive material. ethylene oxide |
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Term
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Definition
| free radicals destroy microbes. used in tubular instruments |
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Term
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Definition
| free radicals destroy microbes. used in tubular instruments |
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Term
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Definition
| CO2 with gaseous and liquid properties. used in medical implants |
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Term
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Definition
| oxidizing agents. used on contaminated surfaces. O3, H2O2, peracetic acid. |
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