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Chapter 7
What are the groups and relations?
21
Anthropology
Undergraduate 1
05/05/2009

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Term
achieved status
Definition
A social status acquired during one's lifetime
Term
ascribed status
Definition
A social status given to someone at birth
Term
authority
Definition
The right recognized by the culture and granted by the group to exercise power
Term
band
Definition
in societies without states or other formal organization, a loosely structured and semistable group of fifteen to sixty people, usually members of related nuclear family households, who reside and travel together
Term
bride service
Definition
A duty of a groom to work for his father-in-law for a certain period of time after marriage
Term
chiefdom
Definition
a form of political organization based on membership in descent groups such as lineages or clans, whose leaders are arranged in a hierarchy of power and authority such that some chiefs have inherited substantial influence over their kinfolk and other chiefs
Term
clans
Definition
a kin group whose members claim descent from mythical beings
Term
class
Definition
a social group in a hierarchy of groups distinguished on the basis of priveledges made possible by control over valuable resources, such as wealth
Term
cross-cousin
Definition
the child of your mother's brother or father's sister
Term
egalitarian
Definition
describing a social relationship in which there are few status or authority differences between individuals except generation and gender
Term
exogamy
Definition
the cultural preference or requirement to marrt someone outside of one's kin group
Term
extended family
Definition
a domestic group composed of parents and at least one married child with his or her spouse and children
Term
lineage
Definition
a kin group whise memevers trace descent from a common ancestor
Term
miscegnation
Definition
interracial marriage
Term
nuclear family
Definition
a domestic family composed of parents and unmarried children
Term
patrilineal lineage
Definition
kin groups whos memebers trace descent through males from a common ancestor. Lineage males often live and work together
Term
political economy
Definition
the study of the wat economic behavior and power relationships influence each other
Term
roles
Definition
the duties or guidelines for behavior in a specific status, and specifications for how to interact with persons in the other social statuses
Term
state
Definition
a form of political organization based on a powerful central government, which may or may not be kin based but has authority to wield power over most aspects of its members' lives
Term
statuses
Definition
the positions in the social structure defined in terms of authority, privileges, duties, and sometimes prestige and a title
Term
tribe
Definition
a social organization composed of as many as thousands of individuals organized by village residence and memevership in large descent groups
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