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| basic unit of all forms of life |
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| idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things and new cells are produced from existing cells |
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| the center of the atom which contains the protons and neutrons in cells, structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities |
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| organism whose cells contain nuclei |
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| unicellular organism lacking a nucleus |
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| specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell |
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| material inside the cell membrane - not including the nucleus |
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| layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of a cell |
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| granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins |
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| threadlike structures within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to to the next |
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| small, dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of proteins begins |
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| small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein |
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| internal membrane system in cells in which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembles and some proteins are modified |
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| stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum |
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| cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell |
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| cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates |
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| cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use |
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| organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy |
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| network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement |
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| one of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope |
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| thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell |
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| strong supporting layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria |
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| double-layered sheet that forms the core of nearly all cell membranes |
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| the mass of solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/volume |
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| process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated |
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| when the concentration of a solute is the same throughout a solution |
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| diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
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| when the concentration of two solutions is the same |
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| when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes |
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| when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes |
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| movement if specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels |
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| energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference |
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| process by which a cell takes material into the cell by infolding of the cell membrane |
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| process in which extensions of cytoplasm surrounded and engulf large particles and take them into the cell |
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| process by which a cell takes in liquid from the surroundings environment |
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| process by which a cell releases large amounts of material |
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| the process in which cells develop in different ways to perform different tasks |
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| group of similar cells that perform a particular function |
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| group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions |
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| group of organs that work together to perform a specific function |
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