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| property of biological membranes that allows them to regulate the passage of substances |
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| having both a hydropholic and a hydrophobic region |
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| currently accepted model of cell membrane structure, envisions membrane of mosaic of protein molecules drifting laterally in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids |
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| typically a transmembrane protein with hydrophovic regions that extend and often completely span the hydrophobic interior of the membrane and with hydrophilic regions in contact with the aqueous solution on either side of the membrane |
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| protein loosely bound to the surgace of a membrane or to part of an integral protein and not embedded in the lipid bilayer |
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| lipid with covalently attached carbohydrates |
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| protein with one or more carboydrates attached to it. |
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| transmembrane protein that helps a certain substance or call of closely related substances to cross membrane |
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| channel protein in plasma membrane of a plant, animal or microorganism cell that specifically facilitates osmosis |
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| spontaneous movement of a substance down its concentration gradient - from more to less concentrated |
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| region along in which density of a chemical substance increases or decreases |
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| diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane with no expenditure of energy |
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| diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane |
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| solution that, when surrounding a cell, has no effect on the passage of water into or out of a cell |
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| solution that, when surrounding a cell, will cause the cell to lose water |
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| solution that, when surrounding a cell, will cause the cell to take up water |
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| regulation of solute concentrations and water balance by a cell or organism |
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| swollen or distended, as in plant cells |
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| limp, lacking in stiffness or firmness, as in a plant cell in surroundings where there is no tendency for water to enter cell |
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| phenomenon in walled cells in which cytoplasm shrivels and plasma membrane pulls away from cell wall - occurs when cell loses water to hypertonic evironment |
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| phenomenon in walled cells in which cytoplasm shrivels and plasma membrane pulls away from cell wall - occurs when cell loses water to hypertonic evironment |
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| spontaneous passage of molecules or ions across a biological membrane with the assistance of specific transmembrand transport proteins |
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| transmembrane protein channel that allows a specific ion to flow across the membrane down its concentration gradient |
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| ttransmembrane preotein channel that opens or closes in response to a particulat stimulus |
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| movement of substance across cell membrane with an expenidenture of energy, against concentration or electrochemical gradient |
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| transport protein in plasma membrane of animal cells that actively transports sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell |
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| difference in electrical charge across a cell's plasma membrane, due to the differential distribution of ions |
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| diffusion gradient of an ion, affected by concentration difference of the ion across a membrane and the ions tendency to move relative to the membrane potential |
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