Term
| The theory of spontaneous generation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first person to test the theory of spontaneous generation. His experiment involved placing meat into two glass jars, one covered and the other open. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The theory that living organisms could arise only from other living organisms. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The German physician who suggested the theory of biogenesis in 1858. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The scientist who's experiments provided evidence for the theory of biogenesis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The smallest functional units of life. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Scientist who coined the term "cells" when examining thin slices of cork. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The three points of the Cell Theory. |
|
Definition
1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2. The cell is the smallest functional unit of life. 3. All cells are produced from other cells. |
|
|
Term
| The two types of light microscropes. |
|
Definition
| the simple microscope and the compound light microscope |
|
|
Term
| The difference between a simple microscope and a compound light microscope. |
|
Definition
| simple microscopes have only one lens, compound light microscopes have 2 or more lenses. |
|
|
Term
| The two types of electron microscopes. |
|
Definition
| the transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the scanning electron microscope (SEM). |
|
|
Term
| In this type of microscope the specimen is illuminated with a beam of electrons rather than a beam of light. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type of electron microscope that produces a two-dimensional image. |
|
Definition
| transmission electron microscope (TEM) |
|
|
Term
| Type of electron microscope that produces a three-dimensional image. |
|
Definition
| scanning electron microscope (SEM) |
|
|
Term
| The term for the photograph of an image made by an electron microscope. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This type of microscope allows for the study of specimens that are too thick to use a compound light microscope. It works by using a laser to produce a series of two-dimensional images which are then stiched together by a computer to form a three-dimensional image. |
|
Definition
| confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) |
|
|
Term
| To use this microscope, a very fine metal probe is brought near the specimen. Electrons flow between the tip of the probe and atoms on the specimen's surface. As the probe follows the surface contours on the specimen, the information is interpreted by a computer which creates a three-dimensional image. |
|
Definition
| scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) |
|
|
Term
| This type of microscope allows researchers produce images of molecules such as DNA. |
|
Definition
| scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The four bases of which every DNA subunit is made up of. |
|
Definition
| adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine (T) |
|
|
Term
Cancer occurs when this happens. |
|
Definition
| There is a mutation (change) to a person's DNA |
|
|
Term
| A non-living protein that converts from its normal form into a harmful particle. These are responsible for diseases such as "mad cow disease". |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A non-living, non-cellular structure made up of a stretch of genetic material enclosed in a protein coat. When these infect a cell, they take of the host cell's reproductive machinery and cause it to reproduce more of these. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| These are "blank cells" that can form into almost any type of cell. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Term for the various internal parts of a cell. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This part of the cell separates the cell interior from the environment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The jelly-like material that fills a cell. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This part of the cell is like the mayor of a city, and directs all of the cell's activities. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| These parts of the cell contain a digestive enzyme which breaks down particles. They protect the body by killing infectious micro-organisms, and they also devour old, worn out cell parts. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A network of folded membranes and tubes connected with the nucleus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The cell part studded with ribosomes and attached to the nucleus. |
|
Definition
| rough endoplasmic reticulum |
|
|
Term
| Cell parts that synthesizes lipids and packages large molecules in vesicles. |
|
Definition
| smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
|
|
Term
| The function of this cell part is to build proteins which are then packaged in vesicles for transport. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This cell part is comparable to a post office. It recieves the molecules from the endoplasmic reticulum, makes them fully functional, sorts and repackages the molecules into vesicles, and then then sends them off to the various parts of the cell. This cell part is also where lysosomes are produced. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This cell part is the power plant of the cell. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cylindrical structures found just outside the nucleus that play an important role in cell division by moving genetic material correctly into each new cell. Found mainly in animal cells. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Balloon like structures within the cell that provide storage for water, food, minerals, and waste. Animal cells have several small ones, plants cells have one large one. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Not found in animal cells, these are rigid and supportive which give cells their shape. Composed of a fiberous material called cellulose. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Found only in plant cells, these are the organelles of photosythesis. |
|
Definition
|
|
