cell

collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier;

basic unit of all forms of life

cell theory

• All living things are composed of cells.
• Basic units of structure & function in living things.
• New cells are produced from existing cells. 

cell membrane

• Thin, flexible barrier around all cells which consists of a phospholipid bilayer & regulates what enters & leaves a cell. 

cell wall

• strong layer outside the cell membrane  
• Only in plants, algae, & some bacteria

 nucleus

•  large structure inside eukaryotic cells that contains the cell’s DNA & controls the cell’s activities

 cytoplasm

• The gelatinous material inside the cell membrane; not including the nucleus.

prokaryotes

Cells that have cell membranes & cytoplasm, but do not contain nuclei, mitochondria, or certain other organelles.

Bacteria have this type of cell!

 eukaryotes

Cells that contain nuclei, cell membranes, & cytoplasm & other complex organelles and membranes.

• cells of animals, plants, fungi, and protists.

organelles

Specialized structures inside a single cell that perform important cellular functions.

Anton van

Leeuwenhoek

This Dutch businessman became one of the first people to use a microscope to study nature. 

He was the first person to see living things in a drop of water.   

Robert Hooke

He used one of the first light microscopes to look at thin slices of plant tissues.  He studied cork and it seemed to be made up of thousands of chambers, which he called cells. 

Before long it became apparent that cells were the smallest units of all forms of life.

Eukaryotic Cell

(picture)

Prokaryotic Cell

(picture)