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Chapter 6 Vocabulary
Anxiety Disorders
32
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
03/14/2013

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Term
anxiety
Definition
an emotional state characterized by physiological arousal, unpleasant feelings of tension, and a sense of apprehension or foreboding
Term
anxiety disorder
Definition
a class of psychological disorders characterized by excessive or maladaptive anxiety reactions
Term
panic disorder
Definition
a type of anxiety disorder characterized by repeated episodes of intense anxiety or panic
Term
True.
Definition
People who experience a panic attack often think they are having a heart attack.
Term
agoraphobia
Definition
excessive, irrational fear of open or public places
Term
False. Drugs used to treat schizophrenia are not used to treat panic disorder. However, antidepressants have therapeutic benefits in helping control panic attacks.
Definition
The same drugs used to treat schizophrenia are also used to control panic attacks.
Term
phobia
Definition
an excessive, irrational fear
Term
specific phobia
Definition
a phobia that is specific to a particular object or situation
Term
False. Actually, many people with phobias recognize that their fears are exaggerated or unfounded but remain fearful.
Definition
People with phobias believe their fears to be well founded.
Term
social phobia
Definition
excessive fear of social interactions or situations
Term
True.
Definition
Some people are so fearful of leaving their homes that they are unable to venture outside even to mail a letter.
Term
two-factor model (O. Hobart Mowrer)
Definition
a theoretical model that accounts for the development of phobic reactions on the basis of classical and operant conditioning
Term
True.
Definition
We may be genetically predisposed to acquire fears of objects that posed a danger to ancestral humans.
Term
systematic desensitization
Definition
a behavior therapy technique for overcoming phobias by means of exposure to progressively more fearful stimuli (in imagination or by viewing slides) while remaining deeply relaxed
Term
fear-stimulus hierarchy
Definition
an ordered series of increasingly fearful stimuli
Term
gradual exposure
Definition
in behavior therapy, a method of overcoming fears through a stepwise process of exposure to increasingly fearful stimuli in imagination or in real-life situations
Term
flooding
Definition
a behavior therapy technique for overcoming fears by means of exposure to high levels of fear-inducing stimuli
Term
virtual reality therapy (Barbara Rothbaum)
Definition
a form of exposure therapy involving the presentation of phobic stimuli in a virtual reality environment
Term
True.
Definition
Therapists have used virtual reality to help people overcome phobias.
Term
cognitive restructuring
Definition
a cognitive therapy method that involves replacing irrational thoughts with rational alternatives
Term
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Definition
a type of anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both
Term
obsession
Definition
a recurrent thought, image, or urge that the individual cannot control
Term
compulsion
Definition
a repetitive or ritualistic behavior that a person feels compelled to perform
Term
False. Obsessive thinking actually engenders anxiety. However, performing compulsive rituals may partially reduce the anxiety associated with obsessive thinking, thereby creating a cycle in which obsessive thinking prompts ritualistic behavior, which is reinforced by anxiety relief.
Definition
Obsessive thinking helps relieve anxiety.
Term
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Definition
a type of anxiety disorder characterized by general feelings of dread and foreboding and heightened states of bodily arousal
Term
acute stress disorder (ASD)
Definition
a traumatic stress reaction occurring during the month following exposure to a traumatic event
Term
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Definition
a prolonged maladaptive reaction to a traumatic event
Term
False. Motor vehicle accidents are the most common trauma linked to PTSD.
Definition
Exposure to combat is the most common trauma linked to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Term
eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
Definition
a controversial form of therapy for PTSD that involves eye tracking of a visual target while holding images of the traumatic experience in mind
Term
suffocation false alarm theory (Donald Klein)
Definition
a defect in the respiratory alarm system triggers a false alarm in response to minor cues of suffocation.
Term
anxiety sensitivity
Definition
fear of fear itself; involves fear of one's emotions and bodily sensations getting out of control
Term
rational-emotive behavior therapy (Albert Ellis)
Definition
helps people dispute irrational beliefs and substitute more rational ones
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