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Chapter 6 Med Vocab
Med Words Chapter 6
70
Medical
11th Grade
10/27/2014

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Term
agglutin/o
Definition
clumping
Term
bas/o
Definition
base
Term
chrom/o
Definition
color
Term
coagul/o
Definition
clotting
Term
eosin/o
Definition
rosy red
Term
erythr/o
Definition
red
Term
fibrin/o
Definition
fibers, fibrous
Term
granul/o
Definition
granules
Term
hem/o
Definition
blood
Term
hemat/o
Definition
blood
Term
leuk/o
Definition
white
Term
morph/o
Definition
shape
Term
neutr/o
Definition
neutral
Term
phag/o
Definition
eat, swallow
Term
sanguin/o
Definition
blood
Term
thromb/o
Definition
clot
Term
-apheresis
Definition
removal, carry away
Term
-cytosis
Definition
more than the normal number of cells
Term
-emia
Definition
blood condition
Term
-globin
Definition
protein
Term
-penia
Definition
abnormal decrese, too few
Term
-phil
Definition
attracted to
Term
-poiesis
Definition
formation
Term
-stasis
Definition
standing still
Term
basophils
Definition
release histamine and heparin to damaged tissues
Term
eosinphils
Definition
destroy parasites and increase during allergic reactions
Term
neutrophils
Definition
important for phagocytosis; most numerous of the leukocytes
Term
monocytes
Definition
important for phagocytosis
Term
lymphocytes
Definition
plays several different different roles in immune response
Term
blood clot
Definition
the hard collection of fibrin, blood cells, and tissue debris that is the end result of hemostatis or the blood clotting process
Term
coagulate
Definition
to convert from a liquid to a gel or solid, as in blood coagulation
Term
dyscrasia
Definition
a general term indicating the presence of a disease affecting blood
Term
hematology
Definition
the branch of medicine that specializes in treating diseases and conditions of the blood (hematologist)
Term
hematoma
Definition
the collection of blood under the skin as the result of blood escaping into the damaged blood vessels. commonly referred to as a BRUISe
Term
hemostasis
Definition
to stop bleeding or the stagnation of blood through the tissues
Term
packed cells
Definition
a transfusion of only the formed elements and without plasma
Term
whole blood
Definition
refers to the mixture of both plasma and formed elements
Term
hemophilia
Definition
hereditary blood disease in which blood-clotting time is prolonged due to a lack of one vital clotting factor. it is transmitted by a sex-linked trait from females to males, appearing most exclusively in males
Term
hyperlipidemia
Definition
condition of having too high a level of lipids such as cholesterol in the bloodstrem. a risk factor for developing atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease
Term
septicemia
Definition
having bactera or their toxins in the bloodstream. sepsis is a term that means putrefaction. commonly referred to as blood poisoning
Term
anemia
Definition
a large group of condition characterized by a reduction in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood; results in less oxygen reaching the tissues
Term
aplastic anemia
Definition
severe form of anemia that develops as a consequence of loss of functioning red bone marrow. results in a decrese of all the formed elements. treatment may eventually require a bone marrow transplant
Term
hemolytic anemia
Definition
an anemia that develops as a result of the excessive loss of erythrocytes
Term
hemolytic reaction
Definition
the destruction of a patient's erythrocytes that occurs when receiving a transfusion of an incomplete blood type. also called TRANSFUSION REACTION
Term
hypochronic anemia
Definition
anemia resulting from having insufficient hemoglobin in the erythrocytes. named because the hemoglobin molecule is responsible for the dark red color of the erythrocytes.
Term
iron-deficiency anemia
Definition
anemia that results from having insufficient iron to manufacture hemoglobin
Term
pernicious anemia
Definition
anemia associated with insufficient absorption of vitamin B12 by the digestive system. vitamin B12 is necessary for the erythrocyte production
Term
polycythemia vera
Definition
production of too many red blood cells by the bone marrow. blood becomes too thick to easily flow through the blood vessels
Term
sickle cell anemia
Definition
a genetic disorder in which erythrocytes take on an abnormal curved or "sickle" shape. these cells are fragile and are easily damaged, leading to a hemolytic anemia
Term
thalassemia
Definition
a genetic disorder in whic hthe body is unable to make functioning hemoglobin, resulting in anemia
Term
leukemia
Definition
cancer of the white blood cell-forming red bone marrow resulting in a large number of abnormal and immature white blood cells circulating in the blood
Term
blood and culture sensitivity
Definition
sample of blood is incubated in the laboratory to check for bacterial growth. if bacteria are present, they are identified and tested to determine which antibiotics they are sensitive to.
Term
complete blood count
Definition
combination of blood tests including: red blood cell count, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell differential, and platelet count.
Term
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Definition
blood test to determine the rate at which mature red blood cells settle out of the blood after the addition of an anticoagulant. this is an indicator of the presence of an inflammatory disease
Term
hematocrit (HCT, Hct, crit)
Definition
blood test to measure the volume of red blood cells within the total volume of blood
Term
hemoglobin
Definition
a blood test to measure the amount of hemoglobin present in a given volume of blood
Term
platelet count
Definition
blood test to determine the number of platelets in a given volume of blood
Term
prothrombin time
Definition
a measure of the blood's coagulation abilities by measuring how long it takes for a clot to form after prothrombin has been activated
Term
red blood cell count
Definition
blood test to determine the number of erythrocytes in a volume of blood. a decrease in red blood cells may indicate anemia; an increase may indicate polycythemia
Term
red blood cell morphology
Definition
examination of a specimen of blood for abnormalities in the shape (morphology) of the erythrocytes. used to determine diseases like sickle cell anemia
Term
sequential multiple analyzer computer (SMAC)
Definition
machine for doing multiple blood chemistry tests automatically
Term
white blood cell count
Definition
blood test to measure the number of leukocytes in a volume of blood. an increase may indicate the presence of infection or a disease such as leukemia. a decrease in white blodd cells may be caused by radiation therapy or chemotherapy
Term
white blood cell differential
Definition
blood test to determine the number of each variety of leukocytes
Term
bone marrow aspiration
Definition
sample of bone marrow is removed by aspiration with a needle and examined for diseases such as leukemia or aplastic anemia
Term
phlebotomy
Definition
incision into a vein in order to remove blood for a diagnostic test (venipuncture)
Term
autologous transfusion
Definition
procedure for collecting and storing a patient's own blood several weeks prior to the actual need. it can then be used to replace blood lost during a surgical procedure
Term
blood transfusion
Definition
artificial transfer of blood into the bloodstream
Term
bone marrow transplant
Definition
patient receives red bone marrow from a donor after the patient's own bone marrow has been destroyed by radiation or chemotherapy
Term
homologous transfusion
Definition
replacement of blood by transfusion of blood received from another person
Term
plasmapheresis
Definition
method of removing plasma from the body without depleting the formed elements. whole blood is removed and the cells and plasma are seperated. the cells are returned to the patient along with a donor plasma transfusion
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