Term
| What are the five primary functions of the skeletal system? |
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Definition
1. Support
2. Storage of minerals and lipids
3. Blood cell production
4. Protection
5. Leverage |
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Term
| What are the six bone shapes? |
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Definition
1. Sutural bones
2. Irregular bones
3. Short bones
4. Flat bones
5. Long bones
6. Sesamoid bones |
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Term
| What are the two main functions of osteocytes? |
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Definition
1. To maintain protein and mineral content of matrix
2. To help repair damaged bone |
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Term
| What is the most abundant mineral in the body? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are bones classified? |
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Definition
1. Shape
2. Internal tissue organization
3. Bone markings |
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Term
| Where are flat bones found? |
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Definition
| Skull, sternum, ribs, and scalpulae |
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Term
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Definition
| Where diaphysis and epiphysis meet |
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Term
| The four types of cells that bone contains |
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Definition
1. Osteocytes
2. Osteoblasts
3. Osteoprogenitor cells
4. Osteoclasts |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of replacing other tissues with bone |
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Term
| What are the two main forms of ossification? |
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Definition
1. Endochondral ossification
2. Intramembranous ossification |
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Term
| What is another name for intramembranous ossification? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does bone growth occur? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Cells that remove and recycle bone matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of depositing calcium salts that occurs during bone ossification and in other tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| Transverse fractures, Displaced fractures, Compression fractures, Spiral fractures, Epiphyseal fractures, Comminuted fractures, Greenstick fracture, Colles fractures, Pott's fracture |
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Term
| Parathyroid hormone (PTH) |
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Definition
| A hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands when plasma calcium fall below normal range; causes increased osteoclast activity, increased intestinal calcium uptake, and decreased calcium ion loss at the kidneys |
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Term
| Functions of the periosteum |
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Definition
1. Isolates bone from surrounding tissue
2. Provides a route for circulatory and nervous supply
3. Participates in bone growth and repair |
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Term
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Definition
| The basic histological unit of compact bone, consisting of osteocytes organized around a central canal and separated by concentric lamellae. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Stem cell whose divisions produce osteoblasts |
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Term
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Definition
| The hormone secreted by C cells of the thyroid when calcium concentrations are abnormally high |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| An incomplete cellular lining on the inner (medullary) surfaces of the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| Small irregular bones that are found between the flat bones of the skull |
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Term
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Definition
| Small flat bones that develop inside tendons near joints of knees, hands, and feet |
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