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Chapter 6- Brazil
Music of Brazil
26
Music
Undergraduate 2
04/04/2013

Additional Music Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Candomble
Definition

Afro Brazilian Religion

 

Food is a major part of the ritual

 

Most widespread afro-brazilian religion

Term

Capoeira

 

Definition

Most popular Afro-Brazilian dance tradition

 

Ancient martial art

 

Blends dance, music, acrobatics and martial arts

Term
Samba
Definition

Most important musical influence in Carnival

 

Abolition of slavery in 1888 was responsible mainly for its creation.

 

2/4 meter, fast tempo, heavily syncopated

Term
Escolas de samba
Definition

Samba schoools

 

Prepare year round for the carnival season

 

Include singers, dancers and musicians

Term
Forro
Definition

Country music style embraced in rural areas

 

STandard instrument is the sanfona accordian

 

upbeat cheerful and suggestiive

 

Couples dance joined at the hips

Term
Choro
Definition

Wind and string ensembles combined European dance forms with African rhythms and Portuguese fados into a new improvisational style

 

Means "cry" or "weeping"

 

relies heavily on improvisation

 

Fast tempos, unconventional melodies and harmonies

 

Very reliant on virtuosity

Term
Choros (Villa-Lobos)
Definition

Heitor Villa-Lobos' virtuosic works

 

capture the style and spirit of street performers as well as the heart of Brazillian music

Term
Bossa Nova
Definition

Created from musicians adopting American Jazz into samba styles

 

softer, romantic, personal

 

one singer accompanying himself

 

Drawn from social and political concerns of the Brazilian middle and upper classes

Term
Tropicalia
Definition

born from rock-and-roll movement and young, philosophical musicians

 

espoused youth-oriented modernity

Term
Bachianas Brasileiras
Definition
Compositions by Villa Lobos inspired by Bach
Term
bloco afro
Definition
social organizations devoted to Afro-Brazilian culture
Term
irmandades
Definition
brotherhoods based on ethnic origin
Term
Atabaque
Definition

Conical drums with calfskin heads

 

African origin

 

capoeira, candomble, umbanda

Term
berimbau
Definition

wooden bow with a metal string

 

from Angola

 

String is attached to a gourd to resonate

 

candomble, capoeira

Term
cuica
Definition

friction drum, with a stick inside the drumhead

 

sound is produced by rubbing the stick back and forth

 

samba

Term
pandeiro
Definition

single headed hand drums with jingles

 

capoeira and samba

 

similar to a tambourine

Term
reco-reco
Definition
hollow tube with grooves on which a scraper is grated
Term
repinique
Definition

high pitched drums popular in carnival baterias

 

lead instruments

 

stick in right hand, bare left hand

 

rapid syncopation playing

Term
surdo
Definition

cylindrical 2 headed drums with deep low sounds like a heartbeat

 

right hand strikes with a stick while the left dampens the other head

 

used in samba baterias

Term
Mario de Andrade
Definition

Brazilian writer and cultural critic

 

Important Brazilian writer and modernist

Term
Gilberto Gil
Definition

One of the leaders of tropicalia

 

served as minister of culture for Brazil

 

Singer, songwriter, guitarist

Term
Joao Gilberto
Definition

First major composer of bossa nova

 

songwriter, singer, guitarist

 

most associated with bossa nova

 

Term
Luis Gonzaga
Definition

Developed Baiao

 

accordionist

 

father of forro and baiao

Term
Antonio Carlos Jobim
Definition

primary composer of bossa nova

 

complex harmonies

Term
Caetano Veloso
Definition

A leader of the tropicalia movement in Brazil

 

was exiled to London during military rule era because he was considered a threat

 

included international influences in his music such as the Beatles

Term
Heitor Villa-Lobos
Definition

Brazil's most celebrated art composer of the 20th century

 

Musical voice of Brazil

 

Bachianas Brasileiras and Choros

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