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Chapter 6A
Objectives
19
Physiology
Undergraduate 2
02/08/2011

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Term
Anatomically
Definition
Central nervous system and peripheral nervous systems
Term
Physiologically
Definition
Autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system
Term
Nerve
Definition
group of many nerve fibers (axon of fibers) traveling together in PNS
Term
Neuron
Definition
Cell in nervous system specialized to initiate, integrate and conduct electrical signals
Term
Types of neurons
Definition
Myelinated and unmyelinated
A fibers are most myelinated (fast)
B fibers are in middle
C fibers are thinnest and slowest
Term
Info carried by an afferent neuron
Definition
Info from tissues and organs of the body into the CNS, sensory info
Term
Info carried by efferent neuron
Definition
Info from the CNS our to effector cells like muscle, gland, or other nerve cells
Term
Myelin
Definition
Insulating material covering axons of many neurons consisting of layers of myelin forming cell plasma membrane wrapped around axons
Term
What makes myelin
Definition
Oligodendrocytes in CNS and Schwann cells in PNS
Term
How does myelin work
Definition
Myelin speeds conduction by keeping in electrical signal and thereby saves energy and has trophic function in that it is supportive and maintains health of axon
Term
Cells unique to CNS
Definition
glia cells
Term
astrocytes
Definition
blood brain barrier, metabolism, regulate ECF, support neuronal maintenance
Term
microglia
Definition
immunologic, phagocytic
Term
oligodendrocytes
Definition
form myelin in CNS
Term
ependymal cells
Definition
produce and flow of CSF
Term
How do neurotransmitters which remain outside of cell cause effects within electrically excitable cells
Definition
Action potentials are used to cause effects of electrically excitable cells
Term
How do neurotransmitters which remain outside of cell cause effects within cells that are not electrically excitable
Definition
Enzymes are used to effect those not electrically excitable
Term
Major fuel which neurons use
Definition
Glucose converted to ATP
Term
Significance of blood brain barrier
Definition
Selectivel inhibit what can get through endothelial cells to brain
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