Term
| “A ___ is an electronic device that converts sound pressure into an electrical signal. This signal can be amplified, modified then converted into an acoustic signal through a device called a ___.” |
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Definition
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Term
-All microphones have ___
-“The most commonly used microphone is the ___ microphone” |
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Definition
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Term
| the dynamic microphone has the following components: ___, ___, ___, and ___ that carry the electrical signal into an electrical system. The diaphragm is attached to the ___. This part moves in synchrony to the ___ ___ when the diaphragm vibrates in response to an incoming acoustic signal. |
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Definition
| diaphragm, magnet, coil, and wires; coil; sound wave |
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Term
| ___ microphones can also be referred to as capacitor microphones.l |
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Definition
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Term
| a capacitor has two ___. One plate serves as a diaphragm that is sensitive to ___ ___. This diaphragm is connected to one pole of the ___. The other plate, a ___ ___, is connected to the other pole of the battery. Sound pressure impinges on the diaphragm; the two plates of the capacitor come ___ together causing capacitance of the plates to increase, that is, to become ___ (compression) |
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Definition
| plates; sound pressure; battery; back plate closer; charged |
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Term
| When the plates separate, the capacitance will ___, that is, ___ (rarefaction). The charged and discharged conditions follow the ___ of the sound wave |
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Definition
| decrease; discharge; pattern |
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Term
| What audiologic equipment uses a condenser mic? |
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Definition
| Audiometers do for the talk-back mic |
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Term
| Where do condenser mics draw their power from? |
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Definition
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Term
| Condenser mics audio signal is ___ and more ___ than that of a dynamic microphone allowing it to pick up subtleties in sound. However, their sensitivity makes them prone to ___ and therefore less appropriate for ___-volume tasks. |
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Definition
| stronger; sensitive; distortion; high |
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Term
| The electret mic is part of the family of ___ microphones, and is the ___ and the most ___ used microphone in Audiology and Hearing Science for delicate equipment. |
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Definition
| condensor; smallest; commonly |
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Term
| What is an example of a electret mic in audiology? |
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Definition
| used in immittance devices |
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Term
| Electret mics have the potential to ___ longer than a human, has a wide dynamic range in terms of ___ and a ___ frequency response. |
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Definition
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Term
| Loudspeaker/earphone/insert receivers all convert ___ energy into ___ energy. The way in which they work is the opposite of the ___. |
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Definition
| electrical; sound; microphone |
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Term
| A dynamic loudspeaker consists of a ___ (thin sheet of foil) that vibrates in response to the alternating electrical signal coming from the amplifier. In the dynamic loudspeaker, the ___ of the dynamic microphone, the diaphragm consists of a ___ and ___ sheet. The diaphragm is ___ shaped and attached to a coil of wire. The coil of wire is exposed to a ___ field produced by a permanent magnet |
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Definition
| diaphragm; reverse; thin; flexible; cone; magnetic |
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Term
Dynamic Loudspeaker:
“When a signal presented by an alternating current (this can be a sound picked up by a microphone) passes through the coil, it creates an ___ field that interacts with the magnetic field generated by the ___ magnet. This interaction causes the diaphragm attached to the coil to ___. In other words, when the positive part of the current appears in the coil, the negative part of the magnet will ___ the coil and the diaphragm. When the negative part of the current appears in the coil, the positive part of the coil is attracted to the ___ magnet. The positive part of the magnet will repel the ___ part of the wave in the coil. When this occurs, the diaphragm will vibrate and create a ___.” |
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Definition
electromagnetic; permanent; vibrate; pull (attract); permanent; positive; sound
[image] |
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Term
-A capacitor loudspeaker functions in a manner opposite to that of the ___ microphone.
-There is a ___ and ___ plate on a capacitor loudspeaker. When these plates come together ___ is produced, and when they part ___ is produced. These states of rarefaction and compression will produce an alternating ___ that goes through the electrical system. The wave will encounter two plates in the loudspeaker, one similar to that of the ___ in the mic and the other similar to the ___ ___ of the mic. The motion of the plates will ___ the electrical signal and produce an acoustic signal |
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Definition
| condenser/capacitor; front; back; rarefaction; compression; wave; diaphragm; back plate; mimic |
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Term
-some materials that have conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator are known as semiconductors.
-A transistor is known as a semiconductor device
-What are 2 other examples of a semiconductor? |
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Definition
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Term
A process called ___ (impurity) can change semiconductors to conductors. The process of doping can either ___ the number of electrons in the material so that the electrons move within the material and ___ electricity or ___ from the number of electrons thereby creating holes in their place so the holes can ___ electrons.
-In the first example, the material is n-type semiconductor material because of an ___ of electrons. In the second example, called p-type semiconductor material, the ___ attract electrons |
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Definition
| doping; increase; increase; steal; attract; excess; holes |
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Term
| When the surface of a p-type material is brought in close contact with the surface of an n-type material a ___ ___ is formed. The PN junction forms the operational ___ for all the semiconductor devices |
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Definition
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Term
| When a junction is formed the electrons from the n-type region diffuse through the junction into the ___-type region. An electric field is set up due to ___ of charges, which opposes any more diffusion. This process of diffusion continues until the strength of the electric field equals the force of ___ and a point of potential ___ is reached. Charges from either side of the junction can no longer ___ through the PN junction beyond this point. |
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Definition
| p; diffusion; diffusion; equilibrium; pass |
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Term
| There is a thin region on either side of the junction, which is devoid of any free charges. This region is called the ___ ___ formed during the diffusion. |
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Definition
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Term
| a semiconductor device with two terminals, typically allowing the flow of current in one direction only. |
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Definition
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Term
| The PN junction in the diode allows the flow of current only in ___ direction(s). However for the current to flow through the diode it needs to be supplied with ___ power by connecting to a ___ source. This is called ___ of the diode. Depending on the way in which the ___ is connected across the diode it is said to be forward biased or reverse biased. |
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Definition
| one; external; voltage; biasing; battery |
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Term
| The lead of the diode coming out of the p-type region is called the ___ of the diode whereas the one coming out from the n-type region is the ___. A diode is said to be forward biased when the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the ___ lead of the diode and the negative terminal is connected to the ___ lead of the diode |
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Definition
| anode (A); cathode (K); positive; negative |
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Term
| When the cathode (K) of the diode is connected to the positive terminal of the battery and the anode (A) is connected to the negative terminal of a battery the diode is said to be ___ biased |
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Definition
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Term
| A ___ ___ ___ is a 3-terminal device consisting of two PN junctions sandwiched between three layers of doped semiconductor material. A thin layer of a one type of semiconductor material (p-type or n-type) is placed between layers of the other type of semiconductor material |
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Definition
| bipolar junction transistor (BJT) |
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Term
| We have learned that a forward-bias circuit will ___ electricity and a reverse-bias circuit will ___ the flow of electricity. However, in the case of an amplifier, the base collector, which is reverse bias, behaves like a ___-bias circuit because it is collecting the electrons from the ___ to the ___. |
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Definition
| conduct; stop; forward; base; speaker |
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Term
| In the transistor, a small current at the input to the microphone is amplified 90 to ___% at the output of the receiver. In most cases, the impedance of a microphone is ___ whereas the impedance of the receiver is appreciably ___. Electrical current that travels through low resistance in a transducer such as a microphone will be significantly ___ at the high impedance element like the receiver. |
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Definition
| 100; low; higher; increased |
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