Term
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Definition
autotroph- gets it from CO2
heterotroph- catabolize reduced organic material from other organisms |
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Term
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Definition
phototroph- energy from sun
chemotroph-energy from redox reactions |
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Term
| when naming an organism based on carbon and energy characteristics how do u do it |
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Definition
| (energy source) +(carbon source) + troph |
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Term
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Definition
-energy from chemicals, carbon from co2
-plants, algae, cyanobacteria
-green and purple sulfur bacteria use H2S as electron source so they DONT PRODUCE oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
-energy from chemicals, carbon from co2
-hydrogen, sulfur, and nitrifying bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
-green and purple non sulfur bacteria ( use organic compounds for carbon source) (light for energy)
-archaea |
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Term
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Definition
| -animals, us, molds, protozoa, bacteria, yeasts, fungi (chemical energy source, organic carbon source) |
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Term
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Definition
| needs oxygen because it is the final electron acceptor |
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Term
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Definition
| - can't have oxygen, doesn't have enzyme to get rid of toxic Oxygen forms |
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Term
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Definition
-prefers to use oxygen
-does not need to |
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Term
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Definition
doesn't use oxygen
tolerates its present |
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Term
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Definition
1.singlet oxygen O2, polyphenol needed
2. superoxide radical O2, must make superoxide dismutase
3. peroxide anion O22-, must make catalase or peroxidase
4.hydroxyl radical OH- must make antioxidants (melatonin, vitamin E) |
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Term
| there is more ATP with oxygen so |
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Definition
| metabolism and growth is faster |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 15-3=45 opt 37, body temp |
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Term
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Definition
| 45-80 opt 70 (can survive 158 F) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cell loses water and dies in hypotonic environment |
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Term
synergistic
antagonistic
symbiotic |
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Definition
antagonistic- microbe attacks harms or kills ex:virus, less resources, more competition
symbiotic- both depend on each other
synergistic- both benefit, but don't depend |
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Term
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Definition
1. free microbes are vulnerable to environmental stress and land on surface
2. cells begin making extracellular matrix and secrete quorum sensing molecules (DNA, protein, polysaccharides)
3. quorem sensing triggers cells to change biochemistry and shape
4. new cells arrive, possible including new species, and water channels form in biofilm
5. some microbes may escape |
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Term
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Definition
| previously suppressed genes to change shape, production of enzymes, etc |
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Term
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Definition
asexual growth
popuation doubles each time
*generation time= how quickly one binary fission event takes place (avg 20 mins) |
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Term
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Definition
| limited nutrients, waste not diffused away |
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Term
| logarithmic/exponential growth phases |
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Definition
1.lag phase- adjustment for cells to make enzymes and start reproducing again, fairly short
2. log stage/exponential- cells dramatically increase
INCLOSED ENVIRONMENTS ONLY
3. stationary phase- cells begin to die due to lack of nutrients
4. dead stage/decline stage- cells dying faster than reproducing |
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Term
| our body is an _______ environment |
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Definition
| open- we have a lag phase |
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Term
| which phase is most sensitive to antimicrobial drugs |
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Definition
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