Term
| Abusive Ad Hominem (fallacy) |
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Definition
| A fallacy in which an individual character is attacked by the use of personal insults, rather than his or her argument |
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Term
| Ad Hominem Tu Quoque (fallacy) |
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Definition
| A fallacy in which an argument is rejected because the arguer does not act in accordance with his or her own conclusion. In latin Tu quoque means "you too" |
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Term
| Affirming the consequent (fallacy) |
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Definition
| Any argument of the following form: if A, then B. B therefore, A. This argument form is always invalid. |
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Term
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Definition
| A fallacy in which the structure of a sentence allows two different interpretations. |
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Term
| Appeal to force (fallacy) |
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Definition
| An attempt to persuade through threat harm |
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Term
| Appeal to ignorance (fallacy) |
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Definition
| A fallacy in which, because something is not known to be true, it is assumed to be false, or, because it is known to be false, it is assumed to be true. |
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Term
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Definition
| An attempt to persuade on grounds of compassion when compassion is not relevant to the argument. |
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Term
| Appeal to popularity (fallacy) |
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Definition
| A fallacy in which a claim is argued to be satisfactory on the grounds that it is widely believed to be true. |
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Term
| Appeal to tradition (fallacy) |
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Definition
| An assertion that because something has always been done a certain way, it is correct. |
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Term
| Begging the question (fallacy) |
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Definition
| A fallacy in which the truth of the conclusion is already assumed in the premises |
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Term
| Circumstantial Ad Hominem (fallacy) |
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Definition
| A fallacy in which an argument is rejected on the grounds that the arguer has some ulterior motive |
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Term
| Composition Fallacy (fallacy) |
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Definition
| A fallacy in which because the parts of a whole have a certain property, it is assumed that the whole has that property. |
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Term
| Denying the Antecedent (fallacy) |
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Definition
| Any argument of the following form: If A, then B. Not A. Thus, Not B. This argument form is always invalid |
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Term
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Definition
| A fallacy in which, because the whole has a certain property, it is assume that the parts have that property. |
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Term
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Definition
| A fallacy in which the same term is used with two different meanings, but the argument treats both meanings as if they were the same. |
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Term
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Definition
| An intentional or unintentional error in reasoning |
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Term
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Definition
| A fallacy in which two choices are given when in fact there are more options |
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Term
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Definition
| A argument in which, in an argument by analogy, the two objects or events being compared have no relevant similarities or are relevantly dissimilar |
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Term
| Guilt by association (fallacy) |
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Definition
| A fallacy in which a person's views are rejected because those views are rejected because those views are associated with a group that is unpopular |
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Term
| Hasty Generalization (fallacy) |
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Definition
| A faulty generalization based on a sample that is unrepresentative or tot small |
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Term
| Improper appeal to authority (fallacy) |
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Definition
| A fallacy in which an authority is invoked to provided support for the conclusion, but the authority is not an expert in this area, or is not honest and reliable, or is not in agreement with other experts in this aream or the area is not something that one can be an authority about. |
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Term
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Definition
| A fallacy in which contrary or contradictory statements are asserted to be true at the same time. |
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Term
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Definition
| A fallacy in which an arguer claims that since one event happened before another event, the first event must have cause the second. |
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Term
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Definition
| a fallacy in which the arguer wanders from his or her argument to some other unrelated or tangential point, thereby distracting the audience. |
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Term
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Definition
| A fallacy in which h a series of increasingly unacceptable consequences are said to follow from an original position that appears to be acceptable. From that, it is claimed that the original position is therefore unsatisfactory. |
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Term
| Straw person Argument (fallacy) |
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Definition
| A fallacy in which the arguer reconstructs an opponents argument as something weaker that it actually is, then attacks that weaker version of the argument. |
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Term
| Two wrongs make a right (fallacy) |
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Definition
| A fallacy in which a wrong action is defended on the basis that someone else did the same thing earlier |
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