Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
infants pay little attention to mother, learned to not rely on mother for comfort
-freely explore
-do not get upset when mother leaves, ignore mother when she returns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infants clint to mother and are reluctant to explore environment, rely on mother for comfort but do not believe this will be consistent |
|
|
Term
| Ambivalent character traits |
|
Definition
| do not explore for fear mother will leave |
|
|
Term
| Biological properties of Attention |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| focuses attention on rewards |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| focuses attention on rewards |
|
|
Term
| Multitasking and the Brain |
|
Definition
| The brain cannot multitask, but it does things sequentially |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| you retain more information when yo do not listen to music when you study |
|
|
Term
| Is learning affected when we don't pay attention? |
|
Definition
| we must do something emotionally relevant every 10 minute n a lecture to remain attentive |
|
|
Term
| The more important an event |
|
Definition
| the more we pay attention |
|
|
Term
| How do emotions affect our attention? |
|
Definition
| They capture our attention. The brain remembers emotional events better than anything. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| encoding, storage, retrieval |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| effortful processing and automatic processing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sensory memory, short-term, long-term |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brief preservation of info, fraction of a second |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unrehearsed info up to about 20 sec. miller says 7+/12 chunking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unlimited capacity and storage period |
|
|
Term
| Encoding- Levels of processing |
|
Definition
| shallow, intermediate, deep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emphasizes the structure of the stimulus (is the word written in capital letters?) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emphasizes what a word sounds like (phonemic) (What does the word rhyme with?) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| semantic encoding- emphasizes the meaning of verbal input (definition) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
elaboration(linking what is already known)
Mnemonics
Self-referent encoding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A memory disorder that affects the retention of new information and events. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involves grouping or “packing” information that exceeds the 7 ± 2 memory span into higher-order units that can be remembered as single units. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| significant emotional memories capture emotionally profound events that people often recall accurately and vividly. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contains two separate components: an acoustic code (the sounds we heard), which decays in a few seconds, and rehearsal, which allows us to repeat the words in the phonological store. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the foundation for all of the psychological defense mechanisms, whose goal is to repress threatening impulses, that is, to push them out of awareness. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involves a combination of short-term memory and attention that allow us to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the tendency to recall items at the beginning and the end of a list better than the middle items |
|
|
Term
| tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon |
|
Definition
| occurs when we cannot quite pull something out of memory. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a person's knowledge about the world. It includes one's areas of expertise, general knowledge of the sort learned in school, and everyday knowledge about the meanings of words, famous individuals, important places, and common things. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A relatively permanent type of memory that stores huge amounts of information for a long time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| progressive mental deterioration occurring in middle or old age 60% of all dementia cases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| memory loss, speaking and writing, disorientation and problems with spatial relationships, thinking and reasoning, decision making, planning, personality and behavioral changes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Absentmindedness, Speech becomes repetitive, memory loss is debilitating, require full time care, completely mute, death, about 10-15 years after stage 1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes caused by brain disease or injury, and marked by memory disorders, personality changes and impaired reasoning |
|
|
Term
| Demential affect about ___% of adults over age ___, both sexes _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rates ____ from age ___ and by the time people reach age ___, about ___% are affected, |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dissassociative amnesia caused by severe sexual abuse or childhood abuse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| system of retaining and recalling information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of retaining and recalling information into a useable form |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visually, acoustically, semantically |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| coded as a mental picture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory |
|
|
Term
| Sensory memory: Iconic memory |
|
Definition
| stores visual image s mental image for a fraction of a second |
|
|
Term
| Sensory memory: Echoic memory |
|
Definition
| stores auditory stimuli as sounds for a few seconds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| last for 30 seconds unless rehearsed |
|
|
Term
| Factors affecting accuracy of memory |
|
Definition
| -ease of recall -degree of confidence: only modeslty associated -general knowledge about a subject-racial identification -types of questions - facial characteristics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| exposure to certain words or concepts will cause subjects to respond to stimuli in a certain way |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| forgetting is the result of memories interfering with each other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Retroactive interference- new info interferes with earlier memories
proactive interference-previous memories interfere with new information |
|
|
