Term
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Definition
| The position that psychology should concern itself only with what people and other animals do, and the circumstances from which they do it. |
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Term
| Stimulus Response Psychology |
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Definition
| The attempt to explain behavior in terms of how each stimulus triggers a response. |
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Term
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Definition
| Automatic connections between a stimulus such as food and a response such as secreting digestive juices. |
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Term
| Classical/Pavlovian Conditioning |
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Definition
| The process by which an organism learns a new association between two stimuli- a neutral stimulus and one that already evokes a reflexive response. |
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Term
| Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) |
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Definition
| An event that automatically elicits an unconditional response. |
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Term
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Definition
| The action that the unconditioned stimulus elicits. |
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Term
| Conditioned Stimulus (CS) |
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Definition
| Response depends on preceding conditions. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process that establishes or strengthens a conditioned response. |
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Term
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Definition
| To extinguish a classically conditioned response, repeatedly present the conditioned stimulus (CS) without the unconditioned stimulus. |
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Term
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Definition
| A temporary return of an extinguished response after a delay. |
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Term
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Definition
| The extension of a conditioned response from the training stimulus to similar stimuli. |
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Term
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Definition
| To respond differently to stimuli that predict different outcomes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Users of certain drugs experience progressively weaker effects after taking the drug repeatedly. |
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Term
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Definition
| The previously established association t one stimulus blocks the formation of an association to the added stimulus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Whatever response the conditioned stimulus elicits as a result of the conditioning procedure. |
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Term
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Definition
| A graph of the changes in behavior that occur over the course of learning. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of increasing the future possibility of the most recent response. |
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Term
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Definition
| The type of stimulus that does not normally elicit response, but when paired with unconditional stimulus, the organism eventually responds. |
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Term
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Definition
| It is a tendency that shows a subject responding to related stimulus that is not identical to the original stimulant. |
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Term
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Definition
| Anything added that follows the behavior that makes it more likely that the behavior will occur again in the future. |
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Term
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Definition
| The occurrence of a behavior is increased by removing an unpleasant stimulus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Decreases the probability of a response. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reinforcing because of their own properties |
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Term
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Definition
| became reinforcing by association for something else in exchange. |
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Term
| Schedule of Reinforcement |
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Definition
| deliver reinforcement in a way that increases the chances of a target behavior occuring more frequently. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tendency to remember the fina items well. |
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Term
| Savings method (relearning method) |
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Definition
Detects weak memories by comparing the speed ofÂ
original learning to the speed of relearning. |
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Term
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Definition
| The tendency to mold our recollection of the past to fit how events later turned out. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The part of the brain that is most directly related to memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition caused by a prolonged deficiency of Vitamin B, usually as a result of chronic alcoholism. |
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Term
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Definition
| An inaccurate report that someone believes to be a memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| Trying to retrieve a memory and remake an account based partly on surviving memories and partly on your expectations of what happened. |
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Term
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Definition
| The new materials increase forgetting of old materials. |
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Term
| Infant/ Childhood Amnesia |
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Definition
| The scarcity of early episodic memories. |
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Term
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Definition
| Many possible reminders that will stimulate your memory later. |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition occuring mostly in old age, characterized by increasingly severe memory loss, confusion, depression, disordered thinking, and impaired attention. |
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Term
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Definition
| The old materials increase forgetting of new materials. |
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Term
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Definition
| Memories of how to do something such as walking or eating with chopsticks. |
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Term
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Definition
| A test of memory where you are expected to pull out a memory with no clues or hints. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any memory aid based on encoding items in a special way. |
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Term
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Definition
| First you memorize a series of places, and then you use a vivid image to associate each location with something you want to remember. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tendency to remember well the first items. |
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Term
| Depth of Processing Principle |
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Definition
| How easily you retrieve a memory depends on the number and types of associations you form. |
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Term
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Definition
| One aspect of working memory that governs shifts of attention. |
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Term
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Definition
| Temporary storage of recent events |
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Term
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Definition
| A relatively permanent storage of memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Grouping items into meaningful sequences or clusters |
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Term
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Definition
| Forgetting where or how learned something |
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Term
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Definition
| Method of testing memory, someone chooses the correct item among several options. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reading or hearing a word to increase the chance you will use it yourself |
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Term
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Definition
| The retention of information |
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Term
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Definition
| Memory for specific events in your life |
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Term
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Definition
| A system for working with current information. |
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Term
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Definition
| when you receive significant hints about the material. |
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Term
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Definition
| Memory that you can state in words |
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Term
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Definition
| Someone who states an answer and regards it as a product of memory |
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Term
| Implicit (indirect) Memory |
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Definition
| An experience influences what you say or do even though you might not be aware of the influences. |
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Term
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Definition
| Memory of principles and facts |
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Term
| Encoding Specificity principle |
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Definition
| The associations you form at the time of learning will be the most effective retrieval cues later. |
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Term
| Information Processing Model |
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Definition
| Information that enters the system is processed, coded, and stored. |
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Term
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Definition
| Memory that one has stored but cannot retrieve. |
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Term
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Definition
| A tendency to make up stories to fill in the gaps of memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Reports of long lost memories, prompted by clinical techniques. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of moving an unbearably unacceptable memory or impulse from the conscious mind to the unconscious mind. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to store new long term memories |
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Term
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Definition
| Converting a short term memory into a long term memory |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of memory for events that occurred shortly before the brain damage. (Loss of old memories) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Provide reinforcement even when one knows that they are correct |
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