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| the generalizaion that all living things are composed of cells, and cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things |
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| a photograph of a view through a microscope |
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| each part of a cell with a specific job to do |
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| both kinds of cells have a thin outer covering |
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| the central core that contains protons and neutrons; in a cell, the part that houses the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA |
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| region of a cell between the nucleus and the plasma membrane |
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| strong wall outside a cell's plasma membrane that protects the cell and maintains its shape |
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| cell lacking a nucleus and most other organelles |
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| cell with a nucleus (surrounded by its own membrane) and other internal organelles |
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| 2 layer "sandwich" of molecules that surrounds a cell |
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| net movement of the particles of a substance from where they are more concentrated to where they are less concentrated. |
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| point at which the numbering of diffusing molecules moving in one direction is equal to the number moving in the opposite direction |
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| selectively permeable membrane |
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| membrane that allows some substances to pass more easily than others and blocks the passage of some substances altogether |
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| diffusion across a membrane requiring only the random motion of molecules with no energy expended by the cell |
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| pathway provided by transport proteins that helps certain molecules through a membrane |
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| passive transport of water across a selectively permeable membrane |
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| having a higher concentration of solute than another solution |
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| having a lower concentration of solute than another solution |
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| having a solute concentration equal to that of another solution |
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| movement of molecules across a membrane requiring energy to be expended by the cell |
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| small membrane sacs that specialize in moving products into, out of, and within a cell |
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| process of exporting proteins from a cell by a vesicle fusing with the plasma membrane |
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| process of taking material into a cell within vesicles that bud inward from the plasma membrane |
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| double membrane that surrounds a cell nucleus |
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| cluster of proteins and nucleic acids that constructs proteins in a cell |
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| endoplasmic reticulum (ER) |
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| network of membranes within a cell's cytoplasm that produce a variety of molcules |
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| ball-like mass of fibers and granules in a cell nucleus, makes ribosomes |
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| cellular organelle that modefies, stores and routes cell products |
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| membrane-bound sac that buds from the endoplasmic reticulum or the golgi apparatus |
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| membrane-bound sac containing digestive enzymes that can break down proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides |
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| organelle found in some plant cells and certain unicellular organisms where photosynthesis takes place |
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| cellular organelles where cellular respiration occurs, creates ATP |
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| main energy source that cells use for most of their work |
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| straight, hollow tube of proteins that gives rigidity, shape, and organization to a cell |
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| solid rod of protein, thinner than a microtuble, that enables a cell to move or change shape |
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| long, thin, whip-like structures, with a core of microtubules, that enable some cells to move |
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| short structures projecting from a cell and containing bundles of microtubules that move a cell through its surroundings or move fluid over the cell's surface |
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