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| Functions of the skeletal system |
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Definition
| Support, protection,movement, storage, and hematopoiesis |
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| Bones form the body's supporting framework |
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| Hard, bony "boxes" protect delicate structures enclosed within them |
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| Muscles are anchored firmly to bones. As muscles contract and shorten, they pull on bones and there-by move them |
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| Bones play an important part in maintaining homeostasis of blood calcium, a vital substance required for normal nerve and muscle function |
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| Used to describe the process of blood cell formation.It is a combination of two Greek word parts: hemato "blood" and poiesis "to make" |
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| Soft connective tissue inside the hard walls of some bones |
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| Long, short, flat,irregular, and sesamoid (round) |
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| Vertebrae or spinal bones |
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| Diaphysis, medullary cavity, epiphyses, articular cartilage,periosteum, and endosteum |
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| Hollow tube made of hard, compact bone, hence a rigid and strong structure light enough in weight to permit easy movement |
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| Hollow area inside the diaphysis of a bone |
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| Inactive, fatty form of marrow found in the adult skeleton |
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| The ends of the bone- red bone marrow fills in small spaces in the spongy bone composing the epiphyses |
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| Thin layer of cartilage covering each epiphysis |
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| Strong fibrous membrane covering a long bone everywhere except at joint surfaces, where it is covered by articular cartilage |
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| Thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity |
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| Skeletal system contains two major types of connective tissue |
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| Different appearances and textures, depending on its location |
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| A specialized, fibrous connective tissue that has the consistency of a firm plastic or gristle-like gel |
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| Endochondral ossification |
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| The process in whick most bones are formed from carttilage models |
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| Cartilage plate that is between the epiphysis and the diaphysis and allows growth to occur; sometimes referred to as a growth plate |
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| The bones of the head, neck, and torso |
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| The bones of the upper and lower extremities of the body |
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| Bony vault made up of eight bones that encase the brain |
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| A tiny and very thin epithelium-line cavity in the temporal bone that houses the ossicles; in the middle ear, sound waves are amplified |
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| A space or cavity inside some ot the cranial bones |
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| Four pairs of sinuses that have openings into the nose |
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| "Soft spots" on the infant's head; unossified areas in the infant skull |
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| Bones that make up the spinal column |
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| Collarbone, connects the upper extremity to the axial skeleton |
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| Connects the legs to the trunk; hip bones |
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| The direct point of attachment between the bones of the upper extremity and the axial skeleton |
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| Second longest bone in the body; the long bone of the arm |
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| One of the two bones in the forearm; located on the thumb side of the forearm |
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| One of the two forearm bones; located on the little finger side |
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| The large bony process of the ulna; commonly referred to as the tip of the elbow |
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| A large depression on the posterior surface of the humerus |
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| The part of the hand between the wrist and fingers |
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| The bones that make up the fingers and toes |
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| Joint connecting the legs to the trunk; pelvic girdle |
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| Connects the legs to the trunk; hip bones |
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| One of the three separate bones that forms the os coxa |
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| One of three separate bones that forms the os coxa |
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| Joint in the midline between the two pubic bones |
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| Thigh bone, which is the longest bone in the body |
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| Socket in the hip bone (os coxa or innominate bone) into which the head of the femur fits |
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| Small, shallow pan; the kneecap |
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| Slender non-weight-bearing bone located on the lateral aspect of the leg |
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| Bones that make up the fingers and toes |
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| The arch that extends across the ball of the foot |
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| Seven bones of the heel and back part of the food; the calcaneus is the largest |
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| Heel bone; largest tarsal in the foot |
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| Synarthroses no movement; Amphiarthroses slight movement; and Diarthroses free movement |
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| A joint in which fibrous connective tissue joins bones and holds them together tightly |
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| Sightly movable joint such as the joint joining the two pubic bones |
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| Bond or band connecting two objects |
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| Cartilage covering the joint ends of bones |
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| Connective tissue membrane lining the spaces between bones and joints that secretes synovial fluid |
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| Act of bending; decreasing the angle between two bones at the joint |
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| Increasing the angle between two bones at a joint |
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| Move toward the center or midline |
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| Move away from the center or midline |
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| Move the distal end in a circular path |
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| Types of diarthrotic joints |
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Definition
| ball and socket, hinge, pivot, saddle, gliding, and condyloid |
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