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Chapter 6
Microbial Growth
24
Microbiology
Undergraduate 2
04/18/2011

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Term
What is microbial growth?
Definition
Increase in cell #s leading to increase in size of population
Term
by what process do bacteria grow?
Definition
binary fission
Term
what are the steps to binary fission?
Definition
1. everything is duplicated
2. septum is formed
3. cell splits
Term
what is another term for generation time and what is it?
Definition
doubling time, time it takes for a bacterial cell to double in number
Term
what factors affect doubling time?
Definition
nutritional and environmental
Term
what are the 4 phases of bacterial growth?
Definition
1. lag phase
2. log phase
3. stationary phase
4. death phase
Term
lag phase
Definition
no growth. this is because bacteria must adjust to new surroundings (temp, pH, nutrition) and make new enzymes. length varies.
Term
log phase
Definition
actively multiplying. most susceptible to antibiotics in this phase because targets are actively multiplying.
Term
stationary phase
Definition
net growth = 0. rate of growth=rate of death. accumulation of toxic products/run out of nutrients.
Term
macronutrients
Definition
C H O P S N
Term
micronutrients
Definition
Cu Zn Co Mo
act as cofactors in enzymes
Term
fastidious organism
Definition
cannot make its own vitamins, require complex environments
Term
photoautotroph E and C source
Definition
E=sun
C=CO2
Term
photoheterotroph
Definition
E=sun
C=organic compounds
Term
chemoautotroph (chemolithiotroph)
Definition
E=inorganic compounds
C=CO2
Term
chemoheterotrophs (chemoorganotrophs)
Definition
E=organic compounds
C=organic compounds
Term
osmotolerant bacteria
Definition
can tolerate high salt concentration, not required however
Term
halophile
Definition
requires high salt concentration
Term
obligate aerobe
Definition
require O2
Term
obligate anaerobes
Definition
die upon exposure to O2
Term
facultative anaerobes
Definition
grow in O2 or lack of O2, will always prefer O2
Term
microaerophile
Definition
require O2 in small quantity
Term
aerotolerant anaerobes
Definition
does not use O2, but can grow in presance
Term
what type of bacteria is acid resistant?
Definition
thiobacillus
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