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Chapter 6
The Nervous System and Mental Health
66
Medical
Undergraduate 1
03/04/2008
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Term
a-
 Definition
without
Term
di-
 Definition
two
Term
dys-
 Definition
bad, abnormal
Term
hemi-
 Definition
one-half
Term
hydro-
 Definition
water
Term
hyper-
 Definition
excessive
Term
pan-
 Definition
all, entire
Term
para-
 Definition
near, alongside
Term
poly-
 Definition
many
Term
pre-
 Definition
before
Term
tetra-
 Definition
four
Term
alges
 Definition
pain
Term
astheni
 Definition
weakness
Term
cephal
 Definition
head
Term
cerebell
 Definition
little brain, cerebellum
Term
cran, crani
 Definition
skull, cranium
Term
dur
 Definition
hard
Term
embol
 Definition
a throwing in
Term
encephal
 Definition
brain
Term
esthes
 Definition
sensation, perception
Term
gangli/ganglion
 Definition
knot, swelling
Term
gli
 Definition
glue, neuroglia
Term
gnos
 Definition
knowledge
Term
lys
 Definition
break apart, dissolution
Term
mening
 Definition
membrane, meninges
Term
ment
 Definition
the mind
Term
myel
 Definition
spinal cord, or bone marrow, or medulla, or myelin sheath
Term
neur
 Definition
sinew or cord, nerve
Term
phas
 Definition
speech
Term
plegi
 Definition
paralysis
Term
psych
 Definition
the mind
Term
quad, quadri
 Definition
four
Term
radic, radicul
 Definition
nerve root
Term
somat
 Definition
the body
Term
thalam
 Definition
inner chamber, thalamus
Term
-algia
 Definition
pain
Term
-asthenia
 Definition
weakness
Term
-cele
 Definition
a swelling or hernia
Term
-gram
 Definition
recording
Term
-iatry
 Definition
treatment, specialty
Term
-itis
 Definition
inflammation
Term
-lepsy
 Definition
seizure
Term
-oid
 Definition
resemblence to
Term
-peresis
 Definition
slight paralysis
Term
-phagia
 Definition
eating or swallowing
Term
-phasia
 Definition
speaking (may also be used as a root, as phas)
Term
-plegia
 Definition
paralysis
Term
Central Nervous System
 Definition
Brain and Spinal Chord
Term
Peripheral Nervous System
 Definition
Nerves and Sensory Receptors
Term
Dendrites
 Definition
carry info towards the cell body
Term
Axon
 Definition
carries impulse away
Term
Schwann Cells
 Definition
mostly fat; provide a white colored protective sheet
Term
Myelin Sheath
 Definition
enables axon to extend great distances through the body by offering it protection and insulation
Term
Neurotransmitters
 Definition
chemicals released that travel over synapses, stimulating triggers
Term
Meningies
 Definition
a thick set of membranes that protect the brain and spinal chord
Term
Cerebellum
 Definition

the lowest part of the brain--> in charge of muscle coordination

Term
Cerebrum
 Definition
largest part of the brain--> includes right and left cerebral hemispheres, the corpus collosum, the cerebral cortex and the lobes
Term
Ganglia
 Definition
clusters of nerve cell bodies that lie outside the CNS
Term
Meninges
 Definition
surrounds the brain and spinal chord
Term
Thalamus
 Definition
relay station of impulses
Term
Hypothalamus
 Definition
below thalamus--> center for involuntary functions
Term
Afferent Nerves
 Definition
Sensory Nerves- carry impulses toward CNS
Term
Brain Stem
 Definition
lowermost part of brain
Term
Efferent Nerves
 Definition
Motor Nerves- carry impulses away from CNS
Term
Pons
 Definition
Connects medulla and cerebellum
Term
Aphasia
 Definition
the inability to speak
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