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chapter 6 vocab
vocabulary
20
Science
10th Grade
09/27/2007

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Term
reactant
Definition
a substance or molecule that participates in chemical reaction
Term
product
Definition
a substance that forms a chemical reaction
Term
Chemical energy
Definition
the energy released when a chemical compound reacts to produce new compounds
Term
•Exothermic reaction
Definition
a chemical reaction in which heat is released to the surroundings
Term
Endothermic reaction
Definition
a chemical reaction that requires heat
Term
Synthesis reaction
Definition
a reaction in which substances combine to form a new compound
Term
Decomposition reaction
Definition
a reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances
Term
Electrolysis
Definition
the process in which an electric current is used to produce a chemical reaction, such as the decomposition of water
Term
Combustion reaction
Definition
the oxidation reaction of an organic compound in which heat is released
Term
Single- displacement reaction
Definition
a reaction in which one element or radical takes the place of another element or radical in a compound
Term
Double displacement reaction
Definition
a reaction in which a gas a solid precipitates or a molecular compound forms from the apparent exchange of atoms or ions between two compounds
Term
Oxidation reduction reaction
Definition
any chemical change in which one species is oxidized and another species is reduced also called redox reaction
Term
Radical
Definition
an organic group that has one or more electrons available for bonding
Term
Substrate
Definition
the reactant in reactions catalyzed by enzymes
Term
Chemical equation
Definition
A representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactants and the products
Term
Mole ratio
Definition
the relative number of moles of the substances required to produce a given amount of product in a chemical reaction
Term
Catalyst
Definition
a substance that changes the rate of chemical reaction without being consumed or change significantly
Term
Chemical equilibrium
Definition
a state of balance in which the rate of a forward reaction equal the rate of the reverse reaction and the concentrations of products and reactants remain unchanged
Term
Enzyme
Definition
a type of protein that speeds up metabolic reactions in plants and animals without being permanently changed or destroyed
Term
Substrate
Definition
the reactant in reactions catalyzed by enzymes
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