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Chapter 6 Vocab
Vocab words about the brain
23
Psychology
11th Grade
09/10/2009

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Term
cerebral cortex
Definition
the grey mass that surrounds the sub cortex, which is the information processing center that controls the higher brain function such as reading and problem solving
Term
coprus callosum
Definition
a band of nerves that connects the two hemispheres of the cortex and carries messages back and forth between them
Term
Thalamus
Definition
A structure of the brain that relays messages from the sense organs to the cerebral cortex
Term
Hypothalamus
Definition
a small area located below the thalamus that regulates the autonomic nervous system and motivates behavior such as eatting, drinking, and temperature regulation
Term
Neurotransmitters
Definition
chemicals which encourage or stop neurons from firing messages on to the next neuron
Term
Hippocampus
Definition
a brain structure in the limbic system that is involved in forming and indexing memories
Term
parietal lobe
Definition

top of the head

in charge of navigation and spatial awareness, it also contains the somatosensory cortex which interprets the sense of touch

Term
temporal lobe
Definition

hearing

(side of the head)

Term
frontal lobe
Definition
involved with decision making, problem solving, and planning, also includes the motor cortex
Term
occipital lobe
Definition

(back of the head)

where visual signals are processed

Term
motor cortex
Definition
part of the cerebral cortex which controls body movement
Term
somatosensory cortex
Definition
registers and processes body sensations, specifically touch- for ex. which part of the body is being touched
Term
cerebellum
Definition
a lower portion of the brain which controls posture and balance and regulates the details of moto commands from the cerebral cortex
Term
synapses
Definition
the gap that exists between the axon terminals of the sending neuron and the dendrites of the recieving neuron
Term
neurons
Definition
the long, thin cells, that constitute the structural and functional unit of nerve tissue along which messages travel to and from the brain
Term
medulla
Definition
the region of the brain stem that controls involuntary processes including breathing and heart rate
Term
pons
Definition
located above the medulla on the brain stem it is involved in dreaming and arousal. It also relays information between the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex
Term
Somatic nervous system
Definition
the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles
Term
parasympathetic nervous system
Definition
works to conserve energy and help the body recover after emergency or strenuous activity
Term
peripheral nervous system
Definition
A network of nerves branching beyond the spinal cord that conducts information from the bodily organs to the central nervous system and takes information back to the organs
Term
Sympathetic nervous system
Definition
prepares the body for dealing with emergencies or strenuous activity
Term
autonomic nervous system
Definition
the portion of the peripheral nervous system that controls internal biological functions such as heart rate, breathing and blood pressure
Term
central nervous system
Definition
the part of the nervous system that contains/consists of the brain and the spiral cord
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