loose, solid particles of minerals/rocks that originate from weathering and erosion of preexisting rocks or from precipitation from solution in water.

grinding away of sharp edges and corners of rock during transportation.

rounded sediments indicate long transport, angular grains indicate shorter transport form source rock.

process by which sediment grains are selected and separated according to grain size by agents of transportation, especially water.

well sorted smaller sediment indicate long transport; poorly sorted indicate shorter transport from source.

determined by the location in which deposition occurs.

when energy of transporting medium becomes too low, that sediment will become deposited.

environments include alluvial fans, lakes, streams, deltas, beaches, sea floors.

form from fragments of preexisting rocks. 

sediment grains bound by cement in to a rigid framework.

form from minerals that have precipitated from water.

composed mainly of calcite

can be from biochemical processes or by inorganic processes, such as precipitation of calcite to form ooids.

used to refer to both a sedimentary rock and the mineral that composes it. forms from limestone.

calcium magnesium carbonate that forms from replacement of part of the calcium in limestone with magnesium.

rocks formed from crystals that precipitate during evaporation of water.

(rock gypsum and rock salt)

a sedimentary rock that forms from the compaction of plant material that has not completely decayed. 

oxygen depleted environments such as peat bogs and swamps.

a series of visible layers within rock.

layers that form due to some change in sediment deposition.

most waterlaid sediment is deposited in horizontal or near horizontal layers that are essentially parallel to earth's surface.

preservation of ripples

small dune like structures can also give paleocurrent directions

transgression

regression