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Chapter 6 Review-Cell Division
N/A
33
Biology
9th Grade
10/27/2008

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Cards

Term

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Binary Fission

Definition

 

 

 

The process by which bacteria reproduce

Term

 

 

 

What is the shape of the Chromosome of a bacterium?

Definition

 

 

 

Circular

Term

 

 

 

Centromere

Definition

 

 

The point at which two chomatids are attached to each other in a chromosome.

Term

 

 

Chromatids

Definition

 

 

Joined strands of duplicated genetic material

Term

 

 

The chromosomes in you body exists in ____(how many) pairs in all cells but ______(which kind of cells), each contain thousands of genes and form ________(when?)

Definition

 

 

23

gametes

right before cells divide

Term

 

 

 

Why does DNA become more compact by wrapping tightly around associated proteins?

Definition

 

 

 

 

In order to fit within a cell

Term
When a molecule of DNA is being used to direct a cell's activities, areas containing specific genes are _________?
Definition

 

 

 

extended

Term

 

 

 

Normal human males develop from fertilized eggs containing which sex chromosome combinations?

Definition

 

 

 

 

XY

Term

 

 

 

Homologous Chromosomes

Definition

 

 

 

Pairs of chromosomes containing genes that code for the same traits.

Term

 

 

The X and Y chromosomes are called the ___________?

Definition

 

 

Sex chromosomes

Term

 

 

How many chromosomes are in the body cells of an organism that has a haploid number of 8?

Definition

 

 

 

 

16

Term

 

 

How many diploid chromosomes are in  a human skin cell?

Definition

 

 

 

46

Term

 

 

How many choromosomes are in a human ovum?

Definition

 

 

 

23

Term

 

 

Tell me 3 things about a "diploid cell"

Definition

 

 

 

  1.  
    1. Has two homologues of each chromosome
    2. Is designated by the symbol 2n
    3. Has chromosomes found in pairs
Term

 

 

What happends when nondisjunction occurs?

Definition

 

 

A gamete will receive too many or to few homologues of a chromosomes

Term

 

 

 

Define "Translocation"

Definition

 

 

A mutation caused by a piece of DNA breaking away from its chromosomes and beoming attached to a non-homologous chromosome

Term

 

 

What can you study to learn about the number and structure of the chomosomes in a SOMATIC cell?

Definition

 

 

A Karyotype

Term

 

 

What is the stage of the cell cycles that occupies most of the cells life?

Definition

 

 

G1

Term

 

 

 

G1 à S à G2 à M à C

Definition

 

 

Correct sequence of the cell cycle

Term

 

 

What happens to cells that are not dividing?

Definition

 

 

They stay in the first growth phase

Term

 

 

What is the synthesis (S) phase characterized by?

Definition

 

 

 

DNA replication

Term

 

 

The process by which the nucleus is divided into two nuclei

Definition

 

 

Mitosis

Term

 

 

The first three phases of the cell cycle are collectively known as ________?

Definition

 

 

 

Interphase

Term

 

 

What happends at the  DNA synthesis (G2) checkpoint?

Definition

 

 

 

DNA replication is checked by repair enzymes

Term

 

 

What happens when cells pass through checkpoints?

Definition

 

 

The cell cycle is montored.

Term

 

 

Where is the cell cycled controlled by proteins?

Definition

 

 

 

In eukaryotes

Term

 

 

How are cancer cells devloped?

Definition

 

 

When normal cells lose their regulation of cell growth and division, and do not respond normally to control mechanisms, and cells continue to divide without passing through G1

Term

 

 

 

A spindle fiber is?

Definition

 

 

 

A specialized form of microtubule

Term

 

 

The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all chromosomes along the equator of a cell is called __________?

Definition

 

 

 

 

Metaphase

Term

 

 

As a result of mitosis, each of the two new cells produced from the parent cell during cytokinesis, receive _________?

Definition

 

 

an exact copy of all the chromosomes present in the parent cell

Term

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This cell is in which phase?

Definition

 

 

 

ANAPHASE

Term

[image]

Definition

[image]

Term

 

 

 

In plant cells, ____________involvs the formation of a cell plate.

Definition

 

 

 

Cytokinesis

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