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Definition
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Definition
| girdle of perichondrium; contains BV's to carry nutrients to cartilage |
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Definition
Provides support, flexibility and resilience
Most abundant |
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Definition
| Similar to hyaline BUT contains elastic fibers |
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Definition
| Cologen fibers; great tensile strength |
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Definition
Appositional(cells secrete matrix against the external face of existing cartilage)
Interstitial(expands cartilage from within)
Calcification - normal bone growth; old age |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
cube shaped(wrist; ankle)
sesamoid bones(withen tendons ex patella) |
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Definition
| thin, flat slightly curved |
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Term
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Definition
| comlicated chape(vertebra) |
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Definition
| Support, protection, movement |
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Term
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Definition
storage(calcium and phosphorus)
Blood cell formation
Triglyceride(energy) storage in bone cavities |
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Term
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Definition
bulges, depressions and holes
serve for joint surfaces, muscle ligament and tendon attachement, conduits BV's and nerves |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| large, blunt irregular surface |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| raised area above a condyle |
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Definition
| sharp, slender projection |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| rounded articular projection |
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Term
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Definition
| smooth, nearly flat articular surface |
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Term
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Definition
| bony expansion carried on a narrow neck |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| round or oval opening through a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| indentation at the edge of a suture |
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Term
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Definition
| cavity within a bone filled with air and lined with mucos membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| shallow basinlike depression in a bone often serving as an articular surface |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| expands ends; spongy bone interior; remnant of growth plate; hyaline cartilage on joint surface |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| delicate membrane on internal surfaces of bone; contains osteoblasts and clasts |
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Term
| red marrow loacations in adults |
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Definition
| trabecular cavities of head of the femur and humerus; diploe of flat bones |
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Term
| red marrow loations in infants |
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Definition
| medullary cavities and all spaces on spongy bone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cells that break down bone matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| lamellae; column like matrix tubes |
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Term
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Definition
| contains blood vessels and nerves |
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Term
| Perforatin(volkmanns) canals |
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Definition
| Rt angls to the central canal; connects BV's and nerves |
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Term
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Definition
| small cavities that contain osteocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| hairlike canals that connect lacunae to each other and central canal |
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Term
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Definition
| Trabeculae; align lines of stress, no osteons, contains lamellae osteocytes and canaliculi, supply nutrients |
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Term
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Definition
| organic bone matrix secreted by osteoblasts |
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Term
| Chemical composition of bone |
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Definition
| osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts |
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Term
| Chemical compostiion of bone; inorganic |
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Definition
Hydroxyapatites(mineral salts)
65% bone mass, mainly calcium phosphate crystals, resp for hardness |
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Term
| Osteogenesis(ossification) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. Bone foramtion(begins second month of developement)
2. Postnaatal bone growth(until early adult hood)
3. Bone remodeling and repair(lifelong) |
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Term
| Intramembranous ossification |
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Definition
| membrane develops from fibrous membrane; forms flat bones |
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Term
| Endochondral ossification |
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Definition
| Cartilage forms by replacing hyaline cartilage; forms most of skeleton |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| thickness and remodeling of bones by osteoblasts or osteoclasts |
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Term
| Epiphyseal plate' four zones |
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Definition
Proliferation(growth)
Hypertrophic
Calcification
Ossification |
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Term
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Definition
| cartilage cells undergo mitosis |
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Term
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Definition
| Older cartilage cells enlarge |
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Term
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Definition
| Matrix becomes calfified; cartilage dies; matrix begins deteriorating |
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Term
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Definition
| new bone formation is occuring |
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Term
| Hormonal reg of bone growth |
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Definition
- growth hormone stimualtes epiphyseal plate
- Thyroid hormone modulates activity of growth hormone
- Testosterone & estrogen(puberty) |
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Term
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Definition
occurs when bone is injured or added strength is needed
requires a diet rich in proteins, vit C, D & A |
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Term
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Definition
| site of new matrix deposit(unmineralized band) |
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Term
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Definition
| transition line between osteoid seam and older mineralized bone |
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Term
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Definition
| lysomal enzymes and acids |
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Term
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Definition
| hormonal mechanisms and/or mechanical and gravitational force |
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Term
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Definition
transmission of nerve impulses
muscle contraction
blood coagulation
secretion by gland and nerve cells
cells division |
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Term
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Definition
| a bone grows or remodels in response to forces or demands placed upon it |
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Term
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Definition
hadedness - R ro L; results in one upper bone being thicker than the other
curved bones are thickest where they are most likely to buckle
trabeculae forms along stress lines
Large bony projections occur where heavy active muscles attach |
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Term
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Definition
| ends retain normal position |
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Term
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Definition
| ends out of normal alignment |
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Term
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Definition
| parallel to long axis of the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| perpendicular to long axis of the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| open; bone ends penetrate the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| bones do not penetrate the skin |
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Term
| fracture can be described in terms of... |
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Definition
| location, external appearance, nature of break |
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Term
| Stages in healing of a bone |
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Definition
1. hematoma forms
2. fibrocartilaginous callus forms
3. bony callus formation
4. bone remodeling |
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Term
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Definition
vitamin D defeciency
rickets: childhood disease; causes bowed legs
calcium salts not deposited |
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Term
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Definition
loss of bone mass(bone resorption outpaces deposit)
neck of femur and spine more susceptible to fracture |
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Term
| Osteoporosis treatment and prevention |
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Definition
| calcium, Vit D and flouride, higher weight bearing excersise, hormone replacement(estrogen), drugs |
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Term
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Definition
excessive and haphazard bone formation(usually in spine pelvis or skull)
higher ratio to spngy bone
unknown cause |
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Term
| nearly all bones ossified by age __ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| determined by genetics and environmental factors |
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