Term
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Definition
skin, hair, nails, glands
blood vessels, nerves and sensory organs |
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Term
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Definition
| uppermost portion of skin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What makes up the epidermis? |
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Definition
| no blood vessels and is made entirely of epithelial cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What makes up the dermis? |
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Definition
| connective tissue framework, blood vessels, nerve endings and glands |
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Term
| Where are new epidermal cells produced? |
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Definition
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Term
| What's another name for the stratum basale? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a protein that serves to thicken and protect the skin |
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Term
| What is the uppermost layer of the epidermis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the stratum corneum deeper in thick skin or thin? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the loss of cells from the surface of tissue, such as skin |
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Term
| Where is melanin produced? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a dark pigment that colors the skin and protects it from the harmful rays of sunlight |
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Term
| What are the cells that produce melanin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are irregular patches of melanin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are dermal papillae? |
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Definition
| portions of the dermis that extend upward into the epidermis allowing blood vessels to get closer to the surface cells. (a.k.a. fingerprints and footprints) |
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Term
| What does the dermis rest on? |
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Definition
| subcutaneous layer a.k.a. hypodermis a.k.a. superficial facia |
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Term
| The subcutaneous layer connects what to what? |
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Definition
| the skin to the surface muscles |
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Term
| What does the subcutaneous layer consist of? |
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Definition
| aerolar and adipose tissue |
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Term
| What is the function of the subcutaneous layer? |
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Definition
| insulation and a reserve supply of energy |
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Term
| Does the subcutaneous layer contain nerves and nerve endings? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the subcutaneous layer thinnest? thickest? |
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Definition
thinnest-eyelids
thickest-abdomen |
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Term
| What are the accesory structures associated with the skin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are glands that secrete sebum? |
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Definition
| sebacious glands aka oil glands |
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Term
| Describe the structure of a sebaceous gland. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of sebum? |
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Definition
| lubricates the skin and hair and prevents drying |
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Term
| Where do the ducts of the sebaceous glands open into? |
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Definition
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Term
| What glands secrete vernix caseosa? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the cream cheese cover over newborn babies called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are modified sebacious glands called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are meibomian glands associated with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of meibomian glands? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do blackheads consist of? |
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Definition
| a mixture of dried sebum and keratin that collect at the opening of sebacious glands |
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Term
| What is a sebacious cyst? |
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Definition
| a sac of accumulated sebum that blocks a sebacious gland |
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Term
| How do you remove sebacious cysts? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a sudoriferous gland? |
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Definition
| coiled, tubelike structures that are located in the dermis and the subcutaneous tissue |
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Term
| What is the function of sudoriferous glands? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an eccrine gland? |
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Definition
| a sweat gland that regulates body temperature and vents directly to the surface through a pore |
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Term
| Which gland serves a minor excretory function? |
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Definition
| eccrine sudoriferous gland |
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Term
| Where are apocrine glands located? |
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Definition
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Term
| When do apocrine glands become active? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does body odor develop from in sudoriferous glands? |
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Definition
| the action of bacteria in breaking down of organic cellular material secreted by apocrine glands |
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Term
| What are the modified sudoriferous glands? |
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Definition
the ceruminous glands,
the ciliary glands
and the mammary glands |
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Term
| What do ceruminous glands do? |
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Definition
| secrete cerumen (ear wax) |
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Term
| What's another name for ear wax? |
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Definition
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Term
| What's another name for cerumen? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are ceruminous glands located? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the ciliary glands located? |
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Definition
| at the edges of the eyelids |
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Term
| What is hair composed of? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a sheath of epithelial and connective tissue that encloses the hair |
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Term
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Definition
| the part of the hair that projects above the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| the portion of hair above the skin |
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Term
| What is the arrector pili's function in humans? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the arrector pili's function in animals with furry coats? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the arrector pili conserve heat in animals with furry coats? |
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Definition
| When the arrector pili contracts, it pushes on the sebaceous gland causing it to release sebum and lubricate the skin |
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Term
| What is an arrector pili? |
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Definition
| a thin band of involuntary muscle that is attached to most hair follicles |
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Term
| What are the functions of nails? |
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Definition
protect the fingers and toes and
help in grasping small objects with the hands |
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Term
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Definition
| hard keratin that originates from cells in the stratum corneum |
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Term
| In nails, where do new cells continuously form in a growth region? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of the skin? |
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Definition
protection against infection
protection against dehydration
regulation of body temperature
collection of sensory information |
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Term
| How does the skin protect against infection? |
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Definition
| stratum corneum cells form a tight interlocking pattern that is resistant to penetration and surface cells are constantly being shed causing the mechanical removal of pathogens |
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Term
| How does the skin protect against dehydration? |
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Definition
| keratin and sebum help waterproof and prevent dehydration by evaporation |
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Term
| How does the skin regulate body temperature? |
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Definition
in cold=blood vessels constrict to prevent heat loss
in heat= blood vessels dialate to dissapate heat
the evaporation of persperation draws heat from the skin |
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Term
| What aids the skin in the collection of sensory information? |
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Definition
meisner corpuscle (aka touch receptor)
pacinian corpuscle (aka deep pressure receptor) |
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Term
| What does the skin excrete? |
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Definition
| water, electrolytes and nitrogen containing wastes |
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Term
| What is vitamin D needed for? |
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Definition
| the developement and maintanence of bone tissue |
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Term
| What does the color of the skin depend on? |
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Definition
amount of pigment in the epidermis
quantity of blood circulating in the surface blood vessels
the composition of the circulating blood |
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Term
| What is the main pigment of the skin called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does melanin help protect against? |
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Definition
| the sun's harmful UV radiation |
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Term
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Definition
| a hereditary disorder that affects melanin production causing there to be no pigment in the skin, hair and eyes |
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Term
| What is pallor and what causes it? |
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Definition
paleness of the skin;
reduced blood flow/hemoglobin reduction |
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Term
| What is flushing and what causes it? |
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Definition
redness of the skin;
fevers |
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Term
| What is cyanosis and what causes it? |
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Definition
blueness of the skin;
not enough oxygen circulating in the blood |
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Term
| What is jaundice and what causes it? |
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Definition
| yellowness of the skin;bile pigments in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| any wound or local damage to tissue |
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Term
| What is a flat surface lesion called? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a raised surface lesion called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are lesions normally accompanied by? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a spot that isnt raised or depressed |
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Term
| What are some examples of macules? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are some examples of papules? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a blister or small sac filled with fluid |
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Term
| What is another term for a vesicle? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a vesicle filled with pus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a rough, jagged wound made by the tearing of the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| a sore associated with the disintegration and death of tissue |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the catergories of depth of tissue destruction? |
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Definition
superficial partial thickness
deep partial thickness
full thickness |
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Term
| Ex. of superficial partial thickness burns? |
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Definition
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Term
| Superficial partial thickness burns effect what? |
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Definition
| the epidermis and maybe one small portion of the dermis |
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Term
| Deep partial thickness burns effect what? |
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Definition
| the epidermis and more than one portion of the dermis |
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Term
| Ex. of deep partial thickness burns? |
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Definition
| scalding and exposure to flame |
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Term
| Full thickness burns effect what? |
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Definition
| The full skin and sometimes subcutaneous tissues and tissues underlying those |
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Term
| What is the rule of nines? |
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Definition
| the amount of body surface area involved in a burn assessed in percetages that are multiples of nine |
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Term
| What is wound healing affected by? |
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Definition
| nutrition, blood supply, infection and age |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is atopic dermatitis aka? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is atopic dermatitis characterized by? |
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Definition
| intense itching and skin inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
| a chronic overgrowth of the epidermis |
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|
Term
| Most common form of cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of melanocytes |
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Term
| Where does melanoma originate? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the types of skin cancer? |
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Definition
| basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| disease of the sebaceous glands connected with the hair follicles |
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Term
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Definition
| acute contagious disease of staphycoccal and streptococcal origin; causes death in newborns |
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Term
| What is the herpes simplex virus? |
|
Definition
| the formation of watery vesicles located around the skin and mucous membranes |
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Term
|
Definition
| viral infection that follows the nerve pathways |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| a small tumor caused by a virus of the HPV group |
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Term
|
Definition
| fungal growth on feet caused by dampness of perspiration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| the formation of blisters on the skin and mucous membranes caused by a seperation of epidermal cells from underlying layers |
|
|
Term
| What is lupus erythematosis? |
|
Definition
| a chronic imflammatory autoimmune disease of connective tissue |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| overproduction of collagen that tightens and thickens the skin |
|
|
Term
| What are pressure ulcers? |
|
Definition
skin lesions that appear where the
body rests on skin that covers bony projections that lead to ulcerations and death of tissues |
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Term
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Definition
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