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Definition
| The sum total of all chemical reactions that occur within an organism. It also refers to specific chemical reactions at the cellular level. |
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Definition
| agent that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed during the reaction |
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Definition
| protein catalysts in living cells. |
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Definition
| Initial input of energy to start reaction. |
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Term
| How does heat affect reactions? |
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Definition
| The warmer the cell is the faster the reactions will go. Too hot and proteins will be destroyed. |
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Term
| What are the two ways of overcoming activation energy? |
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Definition
| Large amounts of heat and using enzymes to lower activation energy. |
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Definition
| location where reaction takes place. |
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Term
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Definition
| Locate the active site in the picture above. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reactants that bind to active site. |
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Term
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Definition
| substrate complex formed when enzyme and substrate bind |
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Term
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Definition
| usually inorganic ion that temporarily binds to enzyme. Will not change the enzyme, but it will allow the enzyme to stay in the appropriate shape. |
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Term
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Definition
| organic molecule that participates in reaction but left unchanged afterward. |
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Term
| Substrate-level phosphorylation |
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Definition
| enzyme directly transfers phosphate from one molecule to another molecule. |
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Term
| Chemiosmosis(Oxidative phosphorylation) |
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Definition
| Energy stored in an electrochemical gradient is used to make ATP from ADP and P |
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Term
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Definition
| Removal of electrons from the substrate. |
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Definition
| Addition of electrons to the substrate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Electron removed from one molecule is added to another. |
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Term
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Definition
| Compete for access to active site. Something that is relatively similar to the substrate. |
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Term
| Noncompetitive inhibitors |
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Definition
| bind outside the active site. |
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Term
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Definition
| binding causes conformational change in enzyme active site inhibiting enzyme function. |
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Term
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Definition
| product of pathway inhibits early steps to prevent over accumulation of product. |
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Definition
| an object that has moving parts and does useful work. |
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Definition
| a molecular machine that makes ATP. An integral protein embedded in a membrane. Has several active sites on it. When the substrate is bound to the active site it causes the ADP to spin like a rotar. |
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Definition
| Molecular machine for protein degradation. |
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Term
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Definition
| directs unwanted proteins to proteasomes in eukaryotes. |
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