Term
| Hunting and Gathering Society |
|
Definition
| A society that depends on hunting and gathering; labor by sex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| individual thought to be able to influence spiritual forces; must help obtain food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Society based on pasturing animals; in areas with low rainfall; remained nomadic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Society based on cultivation of plants by the use of hand tools; developed into permenant settlements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Happened gradually over 1000's of years;changed human history; allowed development of division of labor; indirectly stimulated trade |
|
|
Term
| Agricultural Revolution/ "Dawn of Civilization" |
|
Definition
| Created an unseen surplus of crops; created more time for leisure not farming; Inventions: wheel, writing, and numbers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Began with the invention of the steam engine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| society where goods are produced by machines powered by fuels, instead of animals, or brute force |
|
|
Term
| Postindustrial/ Information Society |
|
Definition
| society based on information, services, and high technology rather than raw materials and manufacturing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| society whose economy centers around the application of genetics; Tobacco that fights cancer, and spider milk in goats |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| people sharing the same space, but dont consider themselves as one group; people in a grocery line, or drivers at a red light |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a statisic; people who make up a category don't interact with eachother; 78% of COLLEGE FRESHAMN will gain weight |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| groups characterized by Charles Cooley for intimate long-term face to face association and cooperation; family and friends |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large; anonymous; based on common interest and staus; a college classroom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| groups which we feel loyalty to |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| groups toward which we feel antagonism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tries to keep group moving toward goals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| usually not recognized as leader; increases harmony |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| coined by Irvis Janis refers to collective tunnel vision; seemingly only one correct answer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of two members; most unstable of human groups |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the investment of capital wit the hopes of gaining more capital |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secondary groups designed to achieve explicit objectives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a formal organization with a hieracrchy of authority, division of labor; emphasis on written rules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Coined by Carl Marx as a term for workers' lack of connection to their product; feel as though they are objects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| promotion based on accomplishments until they reach the appropiate level where the remain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| even after an organization achieves its goal, and has no need to continue, it does; adoption of new goals by an organization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of volunteers who make up an organization based on mutual interest; NAACP |
|
|
Term
| the iron law of oligarchy |
|
Definition
| coined by Robert Michels;refers to how organizations come to be ruled by small elite members |
|
|
Term
| humanizing a work setting |
|
Definition
| develpos rather than impedes human potential; flexible |
|
|
Term
| maximum security workplace |
|
Definition
| use of comps and surveillence to mointor workers |
|
|
