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Definition
| the removal or destruction of a portion of the brain of a laboratory animal presumably the functions that can no longer be performed are the ones the region previously controlled |
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| a synonym for experimental ablation |
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| a brain lesion produced by intracerebral injection of an ecitatory amino acid such as kainic acid |
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Definition
| A placebo procedure that duplicates all the steps of producing a brain lesion except for the one that actually causes the brain damage |
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Definition
| brain surgery using a steroetaxic apparatus to position an electrode or cannula in a specified position of the brain |
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| the junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull often used as a reference point for sterotaxic brain surgery |
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| a collection of drawings of sections of the brain of a particular animal with measurements the provide coordinates for stereotaxic surgery |
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Definition
| a device that permits a surgeon to position an electrode or cannula into specific part of the brain |
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| a chemical such as formalin used to prepare and preserve body tissue |
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| the aqueous solution of formaldehyde gas the most commonly used tissue fixative |
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Definition
| an intrument that that produces very thin slices of body tissues |
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| scanning electron microscope |
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Definition
| a microscope that provides three dimensional information about the shape of the surface of a small object |
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| anterograde labeling method |
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Definition
| a histilogical method that labels the axons and terminal buttons of neurons whose cell bodies are located in a particular region |
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Definition
| Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin a protien delivered from kideny beans and used as and anterograde tracer taken up by dendrites and cell bodies and carried to the ends of the axons |
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| immunocytochemical method |
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Definition
| a histological method that uses radioactive antibodies or antibodies bound with a dye molecule to indicate the presence of particular proteins or peptides |
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| retrograde labeling method |
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Definition
| a hisological method that labels cell bodies that give rise to the terminal buttons that form synapses with cells in a particular region |
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Definition
| a dye that serves as a retrograde label taken up by terminal buttons and carried back to the cell bodies |
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| Transneuronal tracing method |
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Definition
| a tracing method that identifies a series of neurons that from serial synaptic connections with each other either in an anterograde or retrograde direction involves infection of specific neurons with weakened forms of rabies or herpes viruses |
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| computerized tomography CT |
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Definition
| the use of a device that employs a computer to analyze data obtained by scanning bean of xrays to produce a two dimensional picture of a slice through the body |
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| magnetic resonance imaging MRI |
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Definition
| a technique whereby the interior of the body can be accurately imaged involves the interaction between radio waves and a strong magnetic field |
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| diffusion tensor imaging DTI |
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Definition
| an imaging method that uses a modified MRI scanner to reveal bundles of myelinated axons in the living human brain |
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Definition
| a sugar that enters cells along with glucose but is not metabolized |
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Definition
| a procedure that locates radioactive substances in a slice of tissue; the radiation exposed a photographic emulsion or a piece of film that covers the tissue |
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Definition
| a protein produced in the nucleus of a neuron in response to synaptic stimulation |
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Definition
| a computerized method of detecting metabolism chemical changes in particular regions of the brain |
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| positron emission tomography |
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Definition
| a function imaging method that reveals the localization of a radioactive tracer in a living brain |
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Definition
| a functional imaging method; a modification of the MRI procedure that permits the measurement of regional metabolism in the brain |
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Definition
| the use of a geneticlly modified virus to insert light-sensitive ion channels in to the membrane of paarticular neurons in the brain; can depolarize or hyperpolarize the neurons when light of the approperate wavelenght is applied |
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Definition
| a very fine electrode generally used to record activity of individual neurons |
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Definition
| recording of the electrical activity of a single neuron |
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Definition
| an electrode used to record the electrical activity of large numbers of neurons in a particular region of the brain much larger than a microelectrode |
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Definition
| an electrical brain potential recorded by placing electrodes in the scalp |
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| magnetoencephalography MEG |
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Definition
| a procedure that detects groups of synchronously activated neurons by means of the magnetic field induced by their electrical activity uses an array of superconducting quantum interference devices SQUIDS |
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Term
| transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) |
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Definition
| stimulation of the cerebral cortex by means of magnetic fields produced by passing pulses of electricity through a coil of wire placed next to the skull; interferes with the functions of the brain region that is stimulated |
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Definition
| a procedure for analyzing chemicals present in the interstitial fluid through a small piece of tubing made of semi permeable membrane that is implanted |
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Definition
| the complete set of genes that compose of DNA of a particular species |
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| the nature of the particular sequence of base pairs of DNA that constitutes a gene for example the genes that code for blue or brown iris pigment are different allels of a particular gene |
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Definition
| a mutated gene produced in the laboratory and inserted in to the chromosomes of mice;fails to produce a functional protein |
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Definition
| a modified strand of RNA or DNA that binds with a specific molecule of messenger RNA and prevents it form producing it particular protein |
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