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Definition
| A negatively charged ion such as Cl-, O2-, or SO42- |
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Definition
| The shape of a molecule with two bonded atoms and two lone pairs |
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Definition
| A positively charged ion such as Na+, Mg2+, Al3+, or NH4+ |
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Term
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Definition
| A bond created by the sharing of valence electrons by atoms |
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Definition
| The separation of positive and negative charge in a polar bond indicated by an arrow that is drawn from the more positive atom to the more negative atom |
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Term
| dipole-dipole attractions |
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Definition
| Attractive forces between oppositely charged ends of polar molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| Weak dipole bonding that results from a momentary polarization of nonpolar molecules |
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Definition
| A sharing of two pairs of electrons by two atoms |
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Term
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Definition
| The relative ability of an element to attract electrons in a bond |
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Term
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Definition
| The group of symbols and subscripts that represent the atoms or ions in a compound |
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Definition
| The attraction between a partially positive H on one molecule and a strongly electronegative atom of F, O, or N on a nearby molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| An atom or group of atoms having an electrical charge because of a loss or gain of electrons |
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Definition
| The attraction between oppositely charged ions |
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Term
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Definition
| The difference between the number of protons (positive) and the number of electrons (negative) written in the upper right corner of the symbol for the element or polyatomic ion |
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Term
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Definition
| A compound of positive and negative ions held together by ionic bonds |
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Definition
| The shape of a molecule that hs two bonded atoms and no lone pair |
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Term
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Definition
| The smallest unit of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds |
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Term
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Definition
| A covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally between atoms |
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Term
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Definition
| A molecule that has only nonpolar bonds or in which the bond dipoles cancel |
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Term
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Definition
| Elements in Groups 1A-7A (1, 2, 13-17) react with other elements by forming ionic or covalent bonds to produce a noble gas configuration, usually eight electrons in the outer shell |
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Term
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Definition
| A covalent bond in which the electrons are shared unequally between atoms |
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Definition
| A molecule containing bond dipoles that do not cancel |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of covalently bonded nonmetal atoms that has an overall electrical charge |
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Term
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Definition
| Two or more electron-dot formulas that can be written for a molecule by placing a multiple bond between different atoms |
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Term
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Definition
| The shape of a molecule with four bonded atoms |
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Term
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Definition
| The shape of a molecule with three bonded atoms and no lone pairs |
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Term
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Definition
| The shape of a molecule that has three bonded atoms and one lone pair |
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Term
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Definition
| A sharing of three pairs of electrons by two atoms |
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Term
| valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory |
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Definition
| A theory that predicts the shape of a molecule by placing the electron pairs on a central atom as far apart as possible to minimize the mutual repulsion of the electrons |
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