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| Another name for a water channel is |
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| in this type of transpire, fluid moves from a place of high to low pressure |
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| ions move through channels by this passive process |
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| some channels require a specific stimulus to make them open or close, so they are reffered to as---- channels |
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| the cell membrane allows some substance to pass through but not others, making it |
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| this passive movement of ions across the cell membrane usually requires this type of transporter protein |
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| these channels will open or close when a specific signal molecule binds to them |
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| these channels will open or close when the cell membrane is compressed or stretched |
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| these channels will open or close when there is a change in charge inside the cell |
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| these membrane transporters are open to only one side of membrane at a time |
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| this type of membrane transporter creates a water filled passage for specific substances to pass through |
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| this type of membrane transporter specifically binds the substance that is being moved and physically moves it down its concentration gradient to the other side of the membrane |
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| this type of transport is needed to maintain the chemical disequilibrium of the cell |
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| this type of transport requires the addition of energy from ATP to move substances from one side of the membrane to the other |
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| ___ carriers move different substrates in opposite directions across the cell membrane |
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| carrier proteins that move more than one substrate at a time are called |
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| carrier proteins that move only one substrate at a time is called___carriers |
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| carriers bind and move substrates down their concentration gradient. because they physically assis the substrates across the membrane, they are involved in___ diffusion |
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| Endocytosis, exocytosis, and phagocytosis are all forms of this transport |
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| given the energy requirements, the type of transport shown in 5.14 can bed, and most specifically be called |
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| given the number of substrates being moved and the direction of movement of the substrates, this term fits best to describe the type of transporter shown in 5.14 |
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| in this type of transport, one substrate is moving down its gradient while another substrate "goes along for the ride" the second substrate is being moved against its gradient, but energy from ATP is not being used by that protein transporter |
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| membrane transporters that move substrates against their concentration gradient with the use of energy from ATP are special carriers called |
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| these carriers move more than one type of substrate in the same direction across the membrane at the same time |
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| this is another name for ATPase transporters |
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| the process of a cell's electrical charge becoming more positive than the resting potential |
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| the process of a cell's electrical charge becoming more negative than the resting potential is called |
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| the process of a cell's electrical charge returning from a more positive charge back to the resting potential |
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| the membrane potential when the cell is at rest is more |
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| this is the difference in the electrical charge inside versus outside the inactive cell |
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| collectively, signal molecules that are released from neurons are called |
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| when cells secrete a signal molecule that binds to the very cell that secreted it .. its referred to as a ___ signal |
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| signal molecules that are secreted by a neuron and bind to the cell on the other side of a synaptic cleft are called |
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| these cell-to-cell junctions allow for diffusion of ions from one cell to the next, thereby allowing a depolarization wave to spread quickly |
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| this type of signal molecule, once thought to be only involved in immune responses, is secreted by all cells and is involved in cell development and differentiation |
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| this type signal molecule is released by one cell and binds to neighboring cells |
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| the first step in a signalling pathway is the |
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| the second step in a signaling pathway |
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| another name for this step is the signaling pathway is " second messenger" |
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| because they are the workeres or do-ers of the cell, it is logical that thees play the role of "effector" in a cellular signaling pathway |
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| in this process, one type of signal is converted into another type of signal |
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| in this process, a signal is made stronger |
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| g-protein coupled receptor |
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Definition
| the formation of cyclic AMP or the release of calcium from intracellular stores is sometimes involved when this type of receptor is activated |
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| g-protein coupled receptor |
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Definition
| there are several type of these membrane receptors that involve the activation of a 3-subunit protein on the intracellular side of the receptor. one or 2 of the sub-units then move and activate other molecules inside the cell |
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Definition
| this type of membrane receptor is actually a chemically-gated channel, which opens or closes when a signal molecule binds to it |
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Definition
| when a signal molecule binds to this type of membrane receptor, an enzyme on the intracellular side of the receptor is activated. as a result a chemical reaction is catalyzed |
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| when activated, this type of receptor leads to changes in the cyoskeleton of the cell. |
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| because of their action on cells with adrenergic receptors, epinephrine, and norepinephrine can best be described as: |
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| g-protein coupled receptor |
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Definition
| whooping cough is associated with a toxin that interferes with this type of receptor |
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| examine the pathways 6.19 based on what is shown across the board, neurons and endocrine cells always play this role in a feedback loop |
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