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| An argument by analogy in which the analogue case can be hypothetical or fictitious because the relevant similarities between the analogue and the primary subject done depend on the existence of the analogue. |
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| what the primary subject is being compared to in an argument from analogy |
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| An argument that draws a conclusion about one case (called the "primary subject") on the basis of its similarities to another case (call the "analogue") |
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| An argument in which the premises are intended to provide a guarantee of the truth of the conclusion |
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| An argument from analogy in which the primary subject and the analogue case have no similarities or are relevantly dissimilar. |
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| An argument by analogy in which the analogue must be a real case or group of cases. |
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| An argument in which the premiss are intended to provide a high degree of probability that the conclusion within a complex argument. |
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| In an argument by analogy, the subject of the conclusion. |
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| A problem with inductive reasoning about future events. the problem is that we can in general never be certain that future events will resemble past events, so no matter how many observations we've made about the past, we can't be certain that those observations will help us to accurately predict the future. Despite this problem, reasoning on the basis of strong inductive arguments is rational. |
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| A sample in which every member of the represented population has an equal prospect of being included. |
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| a subset selection of a population. Samples are used for inductive generalizations. |
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| A deductive argument that is valid and has only true premises. |
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| Strong inductive argument |
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| An inductive argument that successfully shows that its conclusion is highly likely. |
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| strong argument from analogy |
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| An argument from analogy in which the primary subject and the analogue case have relevant similarities and either no differences or only irrelevant differences. |
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| All individuals within the population that is being considered. For example, if you are attempting to determine the favourite book of Canadian school children, the target population is Canadian school children. |
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| A deductive argument in which the premises necessarily lead to the conclusion; that is, it is impossible for the arguments premises to be true and its conclusion to be false. if its possible for the premises of the deductive argument to be true and the conclusion to be false, the argument is invalid. |
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| Weak argument from analogy |
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| An argument from analogy in which the primary subject and the analogue case have few relevant similarities or have relevant dissimilarities. |
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