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| objects that are not actively moving but have the capacity to do so |
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| the making or breaking of a chemical bond |
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| the process by which an atom or molecule loses an electron |
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| the process by which an atom or electron gains an electron |
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| The First Law of Thermodynamics |
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| states that energy can change from one form to another but it can never be destroyed, nor can new energy be made |
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| The Second Law of Thermodynamics |
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It states that the disorder in the universe is continuously increasing. (Disorder is more likely and order) |
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| a measure of random motions of molecules |
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| the measure of the disorder of a system |
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| In a chemical reaction, the molecules that you start of with. |
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| the molecules that you end up with after the chemical reaction |
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| Any reaction that produces products that contain less free energy than that possessed by the original reactants and that tends to proceed spontaneously. |
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| reactions in which the products contain more energy than the reactants and require an input of usable energy from an outside source before they can proceed. These reactants are not spontaneous. |
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| the extra energy required to destabilize existing chemical bonds and so initiate a chemical reaction. |
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| the process of lowering the activation energy of a reaction |
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| proteins that are the catalysts used by cells to touch off particular chemical reactions. |
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| the site on the enzyme surface where the reactant fits |
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| the site on the reactant that binds to an enzyme |
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| the site where the signal molecule binds to the enzyme surface |
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is a nonprotein organic molecule that acts as a cofactor |
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