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| long molecule consisting of many identical or similar building blocks linked by covalent bonds. |
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| repeating units that are building blocks of polymers. |
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| covalently bonding two monomers using the loss of a water molecule. (dehydration reaction) |
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| disassembling of polymers into monomers. |
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| includes both sugars and their polymers. |
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| molecular formula that have some multiple of C6H12O6 (glucose). |
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| two monosaccharides joined by glycosidic linkage (covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by dehydration reaction.) |
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| macromolecules, polymers with many monosaccharides joined by glycosidic linkages. |
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| polymer of glucose that is extensively branched. |
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| polysaccharide that is a major component of the tough walls that enclose plant cells. |
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| carbohydrate used by arthropods to build their exoskeleton. |
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| constructed from 3 fatty acids and one glycerol (alcohol with three carbons, each with a hydroxyl group. |
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| long carbon skeleton, 16 or 18 atoms in length. |
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| resulting fat (3 hydrophobic fatty acids and one head) |
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| no double bonds between carbon atoms composing the tail, then as many hydrogen atoms as possible are bonded to the carbon skeleton. |
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| one or more double bonds formed by removal of hydrogen atoms from the carbon skeleton. |
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| similar to fats but only have 2 fatty acids. |
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| lipids characterized by carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings. |
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| a steroid that is a component of animal cell membranes and is also the precursor from which other steroids are synthesized. |
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| proteins that have a unique three-dimensional shape. |
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| organic molecules possessing both carboxyl and amino groups. |
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| covalent bond between two amino acid units, formed by condensation synthesis. |
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| unique sequence of amino acids. |
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| coils and folds that result in hydrogen bonds at regular intervals along the polypeptide backbone. |
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| delicate coil held together by hydrogen bonding between every fourth amino acid. |
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| delicate coil held together by hydrogen bonding between every fourth amino acid. |
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| when two regions of the polypeptide chain lie parallel to each other. |
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| irregular contortions from bonding between side chains of the various amino acids. |
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| type of bonding that contributes to tertiary structure. |
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| overall protein structure that results from the aggregation of these polypeptide subunits. |
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| molecules that function as temporary braces in assisting hte folding of other proteins. |
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| polymer consisting of nucleotide monomers; serves as a blueprint for proteins and; through the actions of proteins, for all cellular activities. |
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| (dioxyribonucleic acid) and (ribonucleic acid) |
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| nucleic acids are polymers of monomers. |
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| six-membered ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms. |
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| larger with six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring. |
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| only difference between DNA and RNA is that deoxyribose laks an oxygen atom on its number 2 carbon. |
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| two polynucleotides that spiral around in an imaginary axis |
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