Term
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Definition
| where we temporarily store incoming sensory information from the physical environment until we can attend to it, interpret it, and move it to the next stage of memory processing |
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Term
| temporal integration procedure |
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Definition
| an experimental procedure in which two meaningless visual patterns that produce a meaningful pattern if integrated are presented sequentially with the time delay between their presentations varied |
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Definition
| a type of rehearsal in short-term memory in which the information is repeated over and over again in order to maintain it |
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Definition
| explicit memory for factual knowledge |
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Definition
| explicit memory for personal experiences |
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Definition
| implicit memory for cognitive and motor tasks that have a physical procedural aspect to them |
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Definition
| a person with severe memory deficits following brain surgery or injury |
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Term
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Definition
| the inability to form new explicit long-term memories for events following surgery or trauma to the brain. explicit memories formed before the surgery or trauma are left intact |
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Definition
| the disruption of memory for the past, especially episodic information for events surgery or trauma to the brain |
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Definition
| our inability as adults to remember events that occurred in our lives before about 3 years of age |
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Definition
| a memory task in which a list of items is presented one at a time and then the participant is free to recall them in any order |
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Definition
| the superior recall of the early portion of a list relative to the middle of the list in one-trail free recall task |
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Definition
| the superior recall of the latter portion of a list relative to the middle of the list in a one-trial free recall task |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of moving information from one memory stage to the next |
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Term
| levels-of-processing theory |
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Definition
| a theory of information processing in memory that assumes that semantic processing, especially elaborative semantic processing, leads to better long-term memory |
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Definition
| the superior long-term memory for information related to oneself at time of encoding into long-term memory |
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Term
| encoding specificity principle |
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Definition
| the principle that the environmental cues present at the time information is encoded into long-term memory serve as the best retrieval cues for the information |
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Term
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Definition
| long-term memory retrieval is best when a person's physiological state at the time of encoding and retrieval of the information is the same |
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Term
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Definition
| long-term memory retrieval is best when a person's physiological state at the time of encoding and retrieval of the information is the same |
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Definition
| long-term memory retrieval is best for experiences and information that are congruent with a person's current mood |
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Definition
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Definition
| a mnemonic in which sequential pieces of information to be remembered are encoded by associating them with sequential locations in avery familiar room or place and then the pieces of information are retrieved by mentally going around the room and retrieving the piece at each location |
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Term
| spacing (distributed study) effect |
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Definition
| superior long-term memory for spaced study versus massed study spaced study versus massed study (cramming) |
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Definition
| a mnemonic in which the items in a list to be remembered are associated with with the sequential items in a memorized jungle and the then the list is retrieved by going through the jungle and retrieving the associated items |
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Definition
| a measure of long-term memory retrieval that requires the reproduction of the information with essential no retrieval cues cuesn |
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Definition
| a measure of long-term memory retrieval that only requires the identification of the information in the presence of retrieval cues |
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Definition
| the savings method of measuring long-term memory retrieval in which the measure is the amount of time saved when learning information for the second time |
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Definition
| a theory of forgetting that proposes that forgetting is due to the failure to encode the information into long-term memory |
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Definition
| a theory of forgetting that proposes that forgetting that proposes that forgetting is due to the decay of the biological representation of the information and that periodic usage of the information will help to maintain it in storage |
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Term
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Definition
| a theory of forgetting that proproses that forgetting is due to other information in memory interfering and thereby making the to-be-remembered information inaccessible |
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Definition
| the disruptive effect of prior learning on the retrieval of new information |
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Definition
| the disruptive effect of new learning on the retrieval of old information |
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Term
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Definition
| a theory of forgetting that proposes that forgetting is due to the unavailability of the retrieval cues necessary to locate the information in long-term memory |
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Term
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Definition
| frameworks for our knowledge about people, objects, events, and actions that allow us to organize and interpret information about our world |
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Term
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Definition
| attributing a memory to the wrong source, resulting in a false memory |
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Definition
| the distortion of a memory by exposure to misleading information |
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