Term
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Definition
| a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area at the same time |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of how & why the number of individuals in a population changes over time & space |
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Term
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Definition
| its geographic distribution |
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Term
| 2 types of factors that determine range |
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Definition
1. abiotic (temperature, rainfall, mountains, oceans, continental drift)
2. biotic (other species, habitat, food, competition) |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of individuals per unit area |
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Term
| 3 types of arrangement patterns of species within populations |
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Definition
1. random (position of each individual is independent of others)
2. clumped (quality of the habitat is patchy or organisms associate in social groups)
3. uniform (negative interactions occur among individuals such as competition for resources) |
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Term
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Definition
| if individuals from a species occupy many small patches of habitat so that they form many independent populations; a population of populations |
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Term
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Definition
| when individuals enter a population by moving from another population |
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Term
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Definition
| when individuals leave a population to join another population |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of factors that determine the size & structure of populations through time |
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Term
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Definition
| how many individuals of each age are alive |
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Term
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Definition
| the average time between a mother's first offspring and her daughter's first offspring |
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Term
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Definition
| summarizes the probability that an individual will survive & reproduce in any given time interval over the course of its lifetime |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of individuals of a specific age |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of the same age that can be followed through time |
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Term
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Definition
| the proportion of offspring produced that survive, on average, to a particular age |
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Term
| 3 types of survivorship curve |
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Definition
1. type I: survivorship throughout life is high (most individuals approach the species maximum life span)
2. type II: individuals have about the same probability of dying each year of life
3. type III: extremely high death rates for seeds/seedlings but high survival rates later in life |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of female offspring produced by each female in the population |
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Term
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Definition
| the average number of female offspring produced by a female in each age class |
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Term
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Definition
| how an individual allocates resources to growth, reproduction, & activities or structures that are related to survival |
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Term
| intrinsic rate of increase |
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Definition
| when birth rates per individual are as high as possible & death rates per individual are as low as possible |
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Term
| exponential population growth occurs when _____ |
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Definition
| r does not change over time |
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Term
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Definition
| the maximum number of individuals in a population that can be supported in a particular habitat over a sustained period of time |
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Term
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Definition
| the average number of surviving children that each woman has during her lifetime |
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Term
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Definition
| the average fertility required for each woman to produce exactly enough offspring to replace herself & her offspring's father |
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