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Chapter 5
Biological Aspects of Personality
28
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
10/21/2009

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Term
Natural Selection
Definition
Process by which certain adaptive characteristics emerge over generations
Term
Evolutionary Personality Theory
Definition
Area of study applying biological evolutioanry theory to human personality
Term
Behavior Genomics
Definition
Study of how genes affect behavior
Term
Temperament
Definition
stable individ. differences in emotional reactivity
Term
Electrodermal Measures
Definition
Measures that monitor electrical activity of skin w/ electodes
Term
Sensation Seeking
Definition
Tendency to seek highly stimulating activites and novelty
Term
Neurotransmitter
Definition
chemical used by nerves to communicate
Term
Prozac
Definition
drug that blocks reabsorption of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain and thus elevates moods and alters emotional reaction patterns
Term
Hemispheric Activity
Definition
the level of activity within one cerebral hemisphere (left to right)
Term
Eugenics
Definition
The movement begun by Francis Galton that encourages preserving or purifying the gene pool of the elite in order to improve human blood lines
Term
Nonshared Enviornmental Variance
Definition
Features of the envt. that children raised in thes ame home experience differently
Term
Schizophrenia
Definition
distrorted reality, odd emotional reactions, and sometimes paranoia and/or delusions
Term
Manic Depression/BIPOLAR
Definition
disorder which an individual swings regularly between bouts of wildly enthusiastic energy and bouts of hopeless depression
Term
Kin selection
Definition
idea that increasing likelihood for the family members of an individ. to survive increases the likelihood that ind's genes will be carried onto the next generation even if the ind. did not reproduce him/herself
Term
Meniere's Disease- Van Gogh
Definition
inner-ear disorder that can produce disabling dizziness, nausea, and auditory disturbances
Term
Alzheimer's
Definition
diseases of the brain's cerebral cortex, primarily affecting elserly people, that causes altered behavior and memory loss
Term
Biological Determinism
Definition
belief that an individuals personality is completely determined by biological factors ( and especially by genetic factors)
Term
Psychopharmacology
Definition
study of the role of drugs and other toxic substanes in causing/treating psychiatric disturbance
Term
Tropism
Definition
The tendency to seek out specific types of envts.
Term
Somatotypology
Definition
W.H. sheldon: relating boy type to personality characteristics
Term
Mesomorph
Definition
W.H. sheldon: a somotype describing muscular, large-boned, athletic types of ppl
Term
Ectomorph
Definition
W.H. sheldon: somatotype describing slender bookworm types of ppl:
Term
Endomorph
Definition
W.H. sheldon: somatotype describing overweight, good-nature types of ppl
Term
Sociobiology
Definition
Study of the influence of evolutioanry biology on individ responses regarding social matters
Term
Attachment
Definition
Close bond that forms shortly after birth between an infant and mother ( or other caregiver)
Term
Survival of the Fittest
Definition
Concept that species evolve bc individs who can't compete well w/ enviornment croak tend to be less successful in growing to reproduce
Term
Social Darwinism
Definition
societies/cultures naturally compete for survival of fittest
Term
Human Genome Project
Definition
An effort to identify each of the thousands fo genes in our chromosones.
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