Term
| Innervates the supratentorium dura |
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Definition
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Term
| Innervates the posterior fossa |
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Definition
| CN IX, X and Cervical 1-3 |
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Term
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Definition
| Visual boarder loss with zig zag lines resembling the walls of a fort |
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Term
|
Definition
| Painful light, painful sound |
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Term
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Definition
| can have focal defects, sensory phenomina, motor weakness, brainstem findings in basilar migrain and impared eye movements in ophthalmoplegic migrains |
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Term
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Definition
| B-blockers, Ca blockers, NSAID,tric. antidep. topiramate, valproate |
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Term
| Cluster Headaches symptoms |
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Definition
| pain directly behind usually one eye, tearing, redness, Horners, flushing, sweating |
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Term
| Treatment for a cluster headache |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| steady dull ache, usually due to stress, tight muscles |
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Term
| Explosive onset of headache is a clue for what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| due to positional movement after the withdrawl of CSF during lumbar puncture |
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Term
| Headaches+Fever+stiff neck |
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Definition
| Meningeal irratation: infectious meningitis IMMEDIATELY THINK!!! |
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Term
| Idiopathich Intracranial Hypertension (Pseudotumor Cerebri) |
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Definition
| High Pressure, Headaches, NO MASS, seen in adolescent males |
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Term
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Definition
| vasculitis of the temporal arteries including those that supply the eyes, large firm temporal a. and ESR TX: Steroids |
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Term
|
Definition
| Flattening of a sulci next to a lesion |
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|
Term
| How do u measure a midline shift |
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Definition
| use the pineal calcification |
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Term
| Mass effect on the midbrain can cause what |
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Definition
| loss of consciousness and coma if severe due to messing with RA system |
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Term
| How to calculate Cerebral Perfussion |
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Definition
| Mean systolic pressure minus intracranial pressure |
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Term
| What does the brain do to protect itself from elevated ICP |
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Definition
| autoregulation of blood vessel caliper |
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Term
| Symptoms of high intracranial pressure |
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Definition
| Headache, irritability, depressed alertness, and attenting, nausa vomit, papillary edema, vision loss, dipolpia, cushings triad |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hypertension, Bradycardia, and irregular breaths |
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Term
| What areas of vision loss are expected to see in intracranial pressure increases |
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Definition
| Increased blind spot or concentric visual field deficit |
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Term
| Initial treatment for intracranial pressure increases |
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Definition
| Elevate head off bed 30* but keep neck straight to allow venus blood flow |
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Term
| What will cause cerebrovasoconstriction |
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Definition
| Intubation with forced hyperventilaion |
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Term
| What drug is given for increased intracranial pressure |
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Definition
| Mannitol bolus with IV following |
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|
Term
| What is used to put patients in a coma |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| removal of skull over mass lesion |
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Term
| Steroids in increased intracranial pressure |
|
Definition
| strengthens bbb and decreased edema |
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Term
| Normal Intracranial Pressure |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What value do u need to keep cerebral profussion pressure at or above |
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Definition
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|
Term
| When should you never perform a lumbar puncture |
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Definition
| Increased intracranial pressure due to mass lesion, can lead to herniation |
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|
Term
| Herniation through transtentorial notch |
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Definition
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Term
| Herniation down the formamen magnum |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Most common type of transtentorial hernia |
|
Definition
| Uncal transtentorial hernia |
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Term
|
Definition
Blown pupil- non reactive to light
Hemiplegia
Coma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| initial dilated pupil, progressive eye motor weakness, |
|
|
Term
| Compression of the cerebral peduncles |
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Definition
| Hemiplegia (half body paralysis) |
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|
Term
| Contralateral Hemiplasia due to Uncal occurs on which side |
|
Definition
| Uncal herniated compress ipsilateral corticospinal tract in midbrain OR due to direct effect on motor cortex |
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|
Term
| Ipsilateral Hemiplasia with full midbrain pushing to one side |
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Definition
| Leads to blockage of the corticospinal tract on the opposite side of the lesion and thus IPSILATERAL motor weakness |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Full midbrain pushed to opposite side of lesion mass and inhibits contralateral corticospinal tract and thus ipsilateral motor weakness |
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|
Term
| Uncal Herniation can affect which artery |
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Definition
| Posterior cerebral artery leading to infarct |
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|
Term
| Mild Central Herniation affects |
|
Definition
| Abducens nerve traction over clivus |
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|
Term
| Severe central herniation |
|
Definition
| Bilateral Uncal herniation leading to same issues as uncal previous |
|
|
Term
| Cerebral Tonsil Herniation |
|
Definition
| Tonsillar herniaton through the foramen magnum |
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|
Term
| Tonsilar Herniation effects |
|
Definition
| respitory arrest, blood pressure instability and even death |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| cigulate gyrus herniates under the falx cerebri- usually clinically insignificant |
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|
Term
| Sub falcine herniations can affect which artery |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Clinical features of concussion |
|
Definition
| seeing stars, loss of consciousness, headache dizzyness, nausea, vomiting, possible amnesia |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| headache lethargy, mental dullness, can last for months *Why Sidney Crosby cant play hockey anymore* |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs in white matter and cranial nerves and can be widespread or pathcy following trama |
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|
Term
| With a suspected concussion what else do you check? |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Most likely rupture of the middle menigial artery due to temportal trama at the pteron |
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|
Term
| Shape of epidural hematoma |
|
Definition
| Disc shaped , contained by skull and dura |
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Term
|
Definition
| Often due to ruptured briding veins from sheer force |
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|
Term
| Shape of subdural hematoma |
|
Definition
| Forms a crescent shaped hematoma btw the dura and arachnoid |
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Term
| Chronic Subdural hematoma |
|
Definition
| seen in elderly with little or no trama, blood collects over extended period. headache gait issues, cognitive imparement can have seizures |
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Term
|
Definition
| usually associated with sheer force injury and prognosis is worse than chronice |
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|
Term
| Acute blood vs. Chronic Blood |
|
Definition
Acute blood will be hyperdense and BRIGHT on CT vs. Chronic Blood is hypodense and will be dull and clotted (3-4 weeks after liquification)
Isodense occurs after 1-2 weeks |
|
|
Term
| Acute blood will settle where |
|
Definition
| Acute blood is denser and will settle at the bottom of the skull during a CT |
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Term
|
Definition
| Occurs due to artery damage, and blood flows down into the sulci, |
|
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Term
| Non Tramatic Subarachnoid hemmorrhage |
|
Definition
Worst headache of my life symptoms. Arterial Aneurysm > AV malformation
Berry Aneurisms near circle of willis |
|
|
Term
| Beery Aneurysms Types and Areas |
|
Definition
85% in anterior circulation (off carotid)
AComm>PComm>MCA |
|
|
Term
| What can a Pcomm anneurysm compress |
|
Definition
| Can lead to 3rd nerve palsy at point of connection with internal carotid |
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|
Term
| Test for Subarchnoid Hemmorage |
|
Definition
| CT WITHOUT CONTRAST, Lumbar Puncture- only if negative CT bc pressure can cause rebleed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 4 vessel angio of the 2 carotid and 2 vertebral artery will allow visualization of the circle of willis |
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|
Term
| Treatment of an Aneurysum |
|
Definition
| Clip is placed across the neck of the aneurysm of coils are placed within aneurysm, depends on size shape and location |
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|
Term
| Biggest concern following Aneurysm |
|
Definition
| Vasospasm of the brain leading to infarct |
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|
Term
| What is triple h therapy and when do you use it? |
|
Definition
| Hypertension, Hypervolemia, hyperventilation-- used to stop vasospasm |
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|
Term
| Tramatic subarachnoid Hemmorage |
|
Definition
| More common than spontaneous, presents with severe headache due to meningeal irritation, VASO SPASM UNLIKELY |
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|
Term
| Tramatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage |
|
Definition
| Within the cerebral hemispheres, contusions against the skull in frontal or temporal lobes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contussion on one side of the head will lead to damage on the exact opposite side of the brain due to rebound of brain against the skull |
|
|
Term
| Nontramatic Intraparenchymal hemorrage |
|
Definition
| Can be due to many factors: hypertension, smoking, tummor, amylodosis, vasculitis, mycotic aneurysms, blood coag. abnormal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurs in small vessels of lipohyalinosis and microaneurysms of charcot bouchard |
|
|
Term
| Areas of hypertensive aneurisms |
|
Definition
| Basal Ganglia (Putman)> thalamus> Cerebellum> Pons |
|
|
Term
| Progression of Hypertensive Hemorrhage |
|
Definition
| Slow progression, edema develops surrounding hemorrhage, peaks at 3 days |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs in any of the lobes- often due to amyloid angiopathy in older patients |
|
|
Term
| Location of Lobular Hemorrhage |
|
Definition
| Any lobe, superficial, can be recurrent or multiple |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occur with incorrect connections between A and V |
|
|
Term
| AV malformation hemorrhages imaging |
|
Definition
| Best seen in angiography but can be seen as void on MRI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dilated vasculature with only one layer of vascular endothelium, only seen on MRI |
|
|
Term
| Clinical Aspect of Cavernomas |
|
Definition
| Pt presents with seizures |
|
|
Term
| Capillary Telangiectasias |
|
Definition
| dialated capillaries rarely leading to hemorrhage |
|
|
Term
| Developmental venous anomalies |
|
Definition
| dilated veins usually incidentially found on MRI |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Raccoon eyes due to subcutaneous bleeding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Subgaleal Hemmorage in aponeurosis |
|
|
Term
| New born baby bleed between skull and periosteum |
|
Definition
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