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Chapter 5 Key Terms
The keyterms from chapter 5.
15
Science
7th Grade
11/10/2010

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Term
allele
Definition
an alternate form that a gene may have for a single trait
Term
dominant
Definition
describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait
Term
genetic engineering
Definition
biological abd chemical methods to change the arrangement of a gene's DNA to improve crop production, produce large volumes of mecicine, and change how cells perform their normal function
Term
genetics
Definition
the study of how traits are inherited through the actions of alleles
Term
genotype
Definition
the genetic makeup of an organism
Term
heredity
Definition
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
Term
heterozygous
Definition
describes an organism with two different alleles for a trait
Term
homozygous
Definition
describes and organism with two allels that are the same for a trait
Term
hybrid
Definition
an offspring that was given different genetic information for a trait from each parent
Term
incomplete dominance
Definition
production of phenotype that is intermediate between the two homozygous parents
Term
phenotype
Definition
outward physical appearance and behavior of an organism as a result of its genotype
Term
polygenic inheritance
Definition
occurs when a group of gene pairs acts together and produces a specific trait, such as human eye color, skin color, or height
Term
Punnett square
Definition
a tool to predict the probability of certain traits in offspring that shows the different ways alleles can combine
Term
recessive
Definition
describes a trait that is covered over, or dominated, by another form of that trait and seems to disappear
Term
sex-linked gene
Definition
an allele inherited on a sex chromosome and that can cause human genetics disorders such as color blindness and hemophilia
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