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Chapter 5 flash cards
Definitions
54
Business
Not Applicable
09/27/2011

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Term
Achievement motivation
Definition
Drive to overcome challenges and obstacles in the pursuit of goals
Term
affiliation motivation
Definition
Drive to relate to people on a social basis
Term
Continuous reinforcement
Definition
Reinforcement accompanying each each correct behavior
Term
Drives
Definition
Employee motivation for achievement, affiliation, and power
Term
Equity sensitivity
Definition
Recognition that employees have different preferences for overreward, equity, or underreward
Term
Equity theory
Definition
Employee tendency to judge fairness by comparing their relevent input to the outcomes they recieve, and also comparing this ratio to those of other people
Term
E-R-G model
Definition
Motivation model, developed by clayton Alderfer, suggesting that there are three need levels- existence, relatedness, and growth
Term
existence needs
Definition
Physiological and security factors
Term
existence needs
Definition
Physiological and security factors
Term
expectancy
Definition
Strength of belief that work-related effort will result in the successful completion of a task (performance)
Term
expectancy model
Definition
Theory that motivation is a product of three factors:valence, expectancy, amd instumentality
Term
extinction
Definition
Withholding of significant positive consequences that were previously provided for a desirable behavior
Term
extrinsic motivators
Definition
External rewards that occur apart from work
Term
Goals
Definition
Concrete formulations of achievements that the organization aims for woithin set periods of time
Term
Goal setting
Definition
Establishment of targets and objectives for successful performance. both long-run and short-run
Term
Growth needs
Definition
Needs related to the desire of self-esteem and self actualization
Term
Hierarchy of needs
Definition
Philosophy, developed by Abraham Maslow, that different groups of needs have a specific order of priority among most people, so that one group of needs precedes another in importance
Term
Higher-order needs
Definition
Need levels 3 to 5 (social, esteem, and self-actualization) on the Maslow hierarchy of needs
Term
Hygiene factors
Definition
Conditions that tend to satisfy workers when they exist and dissatisfy workers when they do not exist, but their existence tends not to be strongly motivating also known as "maintenance factors"
Term
input
Definition
All the rich and diverse elements that employees believe they bring, or contribute, to their job
Term
Instrumentality
Definition
Belief that a reward will be recieved once a task is accomplished
Term
Intrinsic motivators
Definition
Internal rewards that a person feels when performing a job, so that there is a direct and immediate connection between work and reward
Term
Job content
Definition
Conditions that relate directly to the job itself and the employee's performance of it, rather than conditions in the environment external to the job
Term
Job context
Definition
Job conditions in the environment surrounding the job, rather than those directly related to job performance
Term
Law of effect
Definition
Tendency of a person to repeat behavior that is accompanied by favorable consequence and not to repeat behavior accompanied by favorable consequences
Term
Lower-order needs
Definition
Needs levels 1 and 2 (physiological and safety/security) on the Maslow hierarchy of needs
Term
Motivation
Definition
Strength of the drive towards an action
Term
Motivational factors
Definition
Conditions that tends to motivate workers when they exist, but their absence rarely is strongly dissatisfying
Term
Negative reinforcement
Definition
Removal of an unfavorable consequence that accompanies behavior
Term
Organizational behavior modification (OB Mod)
Definition
Behavior modification used in organizations to shape individual behavior through the use of positive and negative consequences
Term
Outcomes
Definition
Rewards employees rerceive they get from their job and employer
Term
Partial reinforcement
Definition
The act of encouraging learning by reinforcing some correct behaviors on one of four possible schedules
Term
Performance feedback
Definition
Timely provision of data or judgment regarding task-related results
Term
Performance feedback
Definition
Timely provision of data or judgement regarding task-related results
Term
Perform
Definition
Term
Perform
Definition
Term
Perform
Definition
Term
Performance monitoring
Definition
observing behavior, inspecting output, or studying documents of performance indicators
Term
Positive reinforcement
Definition
Favourable consequence that accompanies behavior and encourages repitition of the behavior
Term
Power motivation
Definition
Drive to influence people and change situations
Term
Primary needs
Definition
Basic physiological and security needs
Term
Primary outcomes
Definition
Rewards that employees recieve directly as a results of their actions
Term
Procedural justice
Definition
The assessment, by employees, of the fairness of the "process" by which rewards re administered. This evaluation focuses on two elements -interpersonal treatment and clarity of explanation
Term
Punishment
Definition
Unfavorable consequence that accompanies behavior and discourages repetions of the behavior
Term
Relatedness needs
Definition
Needs that involve the desire of an employee to be understood and accepted
Term
Secondary needs
Definition
Social and psychyological needs
Term
Secondary outcomes
Definition
Rewards that employees receive indirectly, following their primary outcomes
Term
Self-actualization
Definition
Need to become all that one is capable of becoming
Term
Self-efficacy
Definition
Internal belief that one has the necessary capabilities and competencies to perform a task< fulfill role expectations, or meet a challengening situation successfully
Term
Shaping
Definition
Systematic and progressive application of possitive rienforcement as behavior comes closer to the desired behavior
Term
Shaping
Definition
Systematic and progressive application of possitive rienforcement as behavior comes closer to the desired behavior
Term
Two-factor model of motivation
Definition
Motivational model mdeveloped by Fredrick Herzberg, which concludes that one set of job conditions (motivators) primarily motivates an employee and produces satisfaction if they are adequate, while a different set (hygiene factors) primarily dissatisfies the employee if they are inadequate
Term
Valence
Definition
Strength of a person's preference for recieving a reward
Term
Work motivation
Definition
The result of a set of internal and external forces that cause an employee to choose a course of action and engage in certain behaviors
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